北京社区超重及肥胖人群血脂异常患病及知晓现状

目的 调查北京社区超重及肥胖人群血脂异常患病及知晓情况.方法 对9786例"首都社区居民胆固醇教育及控制"项目受调查者资料进行分析.按体质指数将受调查者分为正常体重、超重及肥胖3类人群.根据晨起空腹血浆化验结果,评价3类人群各型血脂指标水平及血脂异常患病率.根据问卷调查结果评价血脂异常患者对疾病的认知情况.结果 (1)总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯与体质指数的相关系数分别为0.17、0.18、-0.26和0.35(P均<0.01).(2)随体质指数增加,人群血脂异常患病率逐渐上升.正常体重、超重及肥胖人群标准化后,血脂异常患病率男性分别为23.9%、43.3%和65.4%,女性分别为17.9%、29.2%和42.3%.血脂异常患病率肥胖男性高于肥胖女性(65.4%比42.3%,P<0.01).患高胆固醇血症、高低密度脂蛋白血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症以及高甘油三酯血症的风险男性肥胖者分别是正常体重者的1.6、2.9、2.4及2.7倍,而女性肥胖者分别是正常体重者的1.3、1.9、1.7及2.1倍.(3)血脂异常患病知晓率正常体重、超重及肥胖男性分别为20.8%、27.8%和25.2%(P>0.05),女性分别为34.6%、34.5%及29.4%(P>0.05).结论 肥胖者血脂异常患病率高于正常体重人群,但其患病知晓率仍然较低.应将肥胖人群,尤其是年轻男性肥胖者作为降脂干预的重点对象.

Prevalence and awareness of dyslipidemia among overweight and obese population in Beijing community

Objective To investigate the prevalence and percentage of dyslipidemia awareness among overweight and obese residents in Beijing community. Method Cross-sectional data of 9786 subjects from capital cholesterol education and intervention program (CCEIP) were analyzed. Participants were divided into 3 groups (Normal, overweight and obese) based on body mass index (BMI). Blood lipid levels were determined from overnight fasting plasma samples. Questionnaires were collected to estimate awareness of dyslipidemia. Result ( 1 ) Blood lipids levels were positively correlated with BMI ( r = 0. 17, 0. 18,-0.26 and 0. 35 between total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride and BMI,respectively, all P <0. 01 ). (2) Prevalence of dyslipidemia increased in proportion with increase of BMI. The age-standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia of normal, overweight and obese population was 23.9%,43.3% and 65.4% in men and 17.9%, 29.2% and 42. 3% in women. Dyslipidemia was more frequent in obese men than obese women(65.4% vs. 42. 3% ,P <0. 01 ). However, this gender difference decreased gradually with the increase of age. Risk of hypercholesterolemia, high LDL-C, low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia in obese men was 1.6, 2. 9, 2. 4, and 2. 7 folders higher than in the normal body weight men and was 1.3, 1.9, 1.7 and 2. 1 folders higher in obese women than in normal body weight women. (3) Unexpectly, the percentage of dyslipidemia awareness in overweight and obese population was not significantly higher than in the normal body weight group (P > 0. 05). Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia was high while the percentage of dyslipidemia awareness was rather low in obese population. Aggressive intervention should be taken in obese population, especially in the young obese men, to effectively reduce dyslipidemia.