国外铁路运营安全效益评价现状及启示

铁路运输在国民经济运行中发挥着重要作用,各国铁路公司都非常重视对铁路运营、安全、效益的管理及评价。国外铁路经过两个世纪的发展,积累了丰富经验,通过分析美国、日本、欧洲等国家和地区的普速、高速铁路,在运营效率评价、运营安全评价、服务质量评价、经营效益评价、安全保障法律法规建设和第三方评价机构发展等方面的现状,从客户服务质量评价、安全评价标准体系建立、效率效益导向的经营效益评价机制建设、第三方专业评价机构发展等维度,总结对我国高速铁路运营安全效益评价的经验借鉴及启示。

Current Situation and Enlightenment of Foreign Railway Operation Safety Benefit Evaluation

Railway transportation plays an important role in the operation of national economy. Railway companies in various countries attach great importance to railway operation, safety, benefit management and evaluation. After two centuries of development, foreign railways have accumulated rich experience. By analyzing the current situation of operation efficiency evaluation, operation safety evaluation, service quality evaluation, business benefit evaluation, safety guarantee laws and regulations construction and the development of third-party evaluation institutions of general speed and high-speed railway operation in the United States, Japan, Europe and other countries and regions, this paper summarizes the experience and enlightenment of them. Railway companies should pay attention to the evaluation of customer service quality, the establishment of safety evaluation standard system, the development of third-party professional evaluation institutions, and the construction of efficiency and benefit oriented operation benefit evaluation mechanism in China.