广东省某村入侵红火蚁伤害及控制调查

目的了解广东省T村村民被红火蚁叮咬的流行病学特征及该村环境中红火蚁情况,为预防控制红火蚁提供依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法确定抽查村民户,用一览表问卷调查访谈,了解T村村民被红火蚁叮咬的流行病学特征、临床表现和治疗情况。结果2006年1月1日至2006年6月28日期间,抽取60户村民有45户发生过被红火蚁叮咬事件,户叮咬率为75.0%。共抽查241人,被蚁叮咬过的有72人,被叮咬率为29.9%(72/241),性别间差异无统计学意义;40岁以上村民的叮咬率>50%。在天气炎热的6月被叮咬人数明显增加。在农田务农或绿化带工作时被叮咬的机会较大,农民、绿化工人的被叮咬率分别为42.3%和28.3%。双足被叮咬的比例高达65.0%,其次为手;临床表现以轻微的痒痛(100%)、红晕(45.8%)、皮疹(78.6%)、丘疹(54.2%)多见,水(脓)疱(33.3%)常见,少见发热(1.4%)和头晕(1.4%)等症状,98.6%的病例自行处理。村中红火蚁蚁巢散存。结论村民被蚁叮咬的现象近年较普遍,临床表现较轻。应加强农民与绿化工人预防红火蚁咬伤的宣传教育工作,加大科学防控红火蚁的力度。

A survey on red imported fire ants bites in villagers and disease control in a village of Guangdong

Objective To study the bite rate, epidemiological a village, named T, in Guangdong province distribution, clinical symptoms of the villagers bitten by the red imported fire ants (RIFA) and the environment of to provide evidence for disease control and prevention. Methods Using random sampling method to spot-check households in the village and interview with questionnaires to profile the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations and the treatment of the T villagers bitten by the RIFA. Results During the period of January 1 to June 28, 2006, among 60 households surveyed, 45 households were bitten by the RIFA. The household bite rate was 75.0%. In the total of 241 people questioned, 72 people had been bitten by the RIFA. The bite rate of population was 29.9%(72/241). Among those afflicted people, there was no significant difference between male and female; for villagers more than 40 years old, the bite rate was higher than 50%. In the extremely hot June, the number of villagers bitten by RIFA drastically increased. Workers at farm and/or afforesting belts were much more likely to be bitten by RIFA. The bite rates in farmers and afforesting workers were 42.3% and 28.3% respectively. The proportion of bitten feet was the highest as 65.0%, the next was the hand; The clinical manifestation were mainly including itch- pain(100%), blushes(45.8%), skin rash(78.6%), papule(54.2%), water(pus) blister(33.3%), fever rarely(1.4%) and dizziness(1.4%) and so on 98.6% patients of which were treated by themselves. The nest of RIFA scattered in the village. Conclusion The villagers bitten by RIFA is common in the village in the recent years but with less severe clinical manifestations. We should enhance the health education for the farmer and afforesting workers, and enhance to control RIFA by the scienific ways.