海南农垦近21年法定传染病增长态势分析

目的探讨海南农垦近20年法定传染病的增长态势及变化规律,为防病工作提供科学依据。方法通过收集1990~2011年海南农垦甲乙丙类法定传染病年发病率和当年人口数、分析其发病率、构成比、平均增长速度等,比较乙类不同传播途径传染病及主要传染病种增长速度的差别。结果 1990~2011年垦区法定传染病年平均报告发病率为753.70/10万,年发病率呈下降趋势,发病率最高为1996年1817.64/10万,最低为2009年96.70/10万;地区分布显示,前10年平均发病率以北部地区为主（2512.23/10万）、近10年以东部地区为主（306.38/10万）。对乙类传染病发病构成比进行分析,自然疫源性及虫媒传染病从1990-2007年位居首位,2008年后发病例数迅速减少,2000年呼吸道传染病所占比例从1990年的第四位越居第二,肠道传染病从第二退居第四,至2008年及以后呼吸道传染病所占比例居首位,2011年所占比例达到60.04%;重点病种分析,血源及性传播传染病中淋病和病毒性肝炎呈下降均势,平均下降速度为10%和9.6 0%,梅毒呈上升均势,增长速度为12%,呼吸道传染病中除肺结核外,麻疹、百日咳均呈下降趋势。结论从农垦传染病疾病谱及变化趋势看,应加强呼吸道传染病特别是肺结核的控制工作,血源及性传播传染病病虽然呈下降趋势,但离最终的目标还很远。

Increasing trend of legally infectious diseases in nearly 21 years in agricultural reclamation system of Hainan Province

Objective To explore the increasing trend of legally infectious diseases in nearly 20 years in agricultural reclamation system of Hainan Province.Methods The annual incidence of legally infectous diseases from 1990 to 2011 in agricultural reclamation system of Hainan Province were collected and analyzed epidemiologically.Results From 1990 to 2011,the average annual reported incidence of the legally infectious diseases was 753.70/100 000,showed a declining trend.The highest incidence was 1817.64/100 000 in 1996,the lowest was 96.70/100 000 in 2009.The incidence rate in the first 10 years was 2512.23/100 000 in the northern region.The incidence rate of infectious diseases in recent 10 years was 306.38/100 000 mainly in the eastern region.The incidence of natural foci and insect-borne infectious diseases was on the top in 1990-2007 and reduced after 2008.Proportion of respiratory infectious diseases ranked second in 2000 from the fourth place in 1994.The intestinal infectious diseases from the second place reduced to the fourth place in 2000.The proportion of respiratory tract infectious disease occupied the first place after 2008 and it was accounted for 60.04% in 2011.The infection rates of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections,gonorrhea and viral hepatitis showed a declining trend and the average decrease rates were 10%and 9.60% respectively.The infection of syphilis showed a rising trend with increasing rate of 12%.The infection rates of tuberculosis,measles an whooping cough showed a declining trend.Conclusions The work for control of respiratory tract infectious disease and tuberculosis be strengthened,while gearing at the control of blood-borne diseases and sexually transmitted infections.