3～5岁儿童短声听性脑干反应正常值及演化

目的：研究3～5岁正常听力儿童短声听性脑干反应（cABR）的特征及变化趋势。方法将132例（224耳）3～5岁正常听力儿童按年龄（1岁为1组）分为3组：3岁组74耳，4岁组78耳，5岁组72耳，对三组儿童进行短声听性脑干反应检测，对各组 ABR 反应阈、波潜伏期及波间期进行单因素方差分析，之后进行两组间的多重比较。结果80 dB nHL 强度下，3岁组 ABR 波 I、III、V 潜伏期分别为1．24±0．09、3．53±0．16、5．39±0．23 ms，I－III、I－V 波间期分别为2．30±0．15、4．15±0．22 ms，反应阈为22．57±4．40 dB nHL；4岁组波 I、III、V 潜伏期分别为1．23±0．10、3．52±0．39、5．30±0．21 ms，I－III、I－V 波间期分别为2．28±0．39、4．07±0．22 ms，反应阈为21．15±4．83 dB nHL；5岁组波 I、III、V 潜伏期分别为1．24±0．10、3．67±0．63、5．34±0．19 ms，I－III、I－V波间期分别为2．42±0．63、4．09±0．19 ms，反应阈为21．11±3．48 dB nHL。3～5岁儿童 cABR 反应阈均值为21．61±4．33 dB nHL，除4岁组波 V 潜伏期和 I－V 波间期较3岁组缩短，差异有统计学意义外（P ＜0．05），余两组间差异均无统计学意义。结论3、4、5岁正常听力儿童 ABR 反应阈分别为22．57±4．40、21．15±4．83、21．22±3．48 dB nHL；3～5岁儿童 cABR 的正常反应阈均值为21．61±4．33 dB nHL，听觉脑干中枢可能在4岁发育成熟。

Normal Values and Development of Click- Auditory Brainstem Responses in Children of 3~5 Years Old

Objective To study the normal ranges and features for click-auditory brainstem responses of children in 3~5 years old.Methods Normal results of click-ABR from 132 normal children (224 ears)were ana-lyzed.The children were divided into three groups:Group A (74 ears from children of 3 years old),Group B (78 ears from children of 4 years old)and Group C (72 ears from children of 5 years old).The ABR data were statisti-cally analyzed by ANOVA with SPSS.Results At 80 dB nHL,the wave Ⅰ,Ⅲ,and Ⅴ latencies and intervals of wave Ⅰ- Ⅲ,and wave Ⅰ-Ⅴ of ABR for 3 -year old children were 1.24 ±0.09 ms,3.53 ±0.16 ms,5.39 ± 0.23 ms,2.30±0.15ms and 4.15 ±0.22 ms,respectively,and for 4 -year-old children,they were1.23 ±0.10 ms,3.52±0.39 ms,5.30±0.21 ms,2.28±0.39 ms and 4.07 ±0.22 ms,respectively.For 5 - year-old chil-dren,they were1.24±0.10 ms,3.67±0.63 ms and 5.34±0.19 ms,2.42±0.63 ms and 4.09±0.19 ms,respec-tively.The thresholds for 3-year children were 22.57 ±4.40 dB nHL,for 4 - year children,21.15 ±4.83 dB nHL,and for 5 - year children,21.11±3.48 dB nHL.Among three groups,only latency of wave V and interval of wave I-V had statistical differences,and a further analysis showed the statistical differences in Groups A and B. No statistical differences were observed in Groups B and C.The latency of wave I and thresholds of ABR for the children of different ages were not significantly different.Conclusion The resvits of this study suggest the brainstem may mature at 4 years old.