Effects of the individual isomers cis-9,trans-11 vs. trans-10,cis-12 of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on inflammation parameters in moderately overweight subjects with LDL-phenotype B |
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Authors: | Ramakers Julian D Plat Jogchum Sébédio Jean-Louis Mensink Ronald P |
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Affiliation: | (1) Unité de Nutrition Lipidique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dijon, France;(2) Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;(3) Present address: Unité du Métabolisme Protéino-Energétique, INRA, Clermont Ferrand, France |
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Abstract: | Immune-modulating effects of CLA have been reported in animals, but results are inconsistent. In humans, CLA has shown no
effects or only minor effects on immune function. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immune-modulating effects
of 3 g cis-9,trans-11 (c9,t11) vs. trans-10,cis-12 (t10,c12) CLA isomers in a population with a high risk of coronary heart disease characterized by moderate overweight (body-mass
index, 25–32.5 kg/m2) in combination with LDL-phenotype B (≥35% small LDL cholesterol, density≥1.040 g/mL). After a run-in period of 1 wk, 42
men and women were randomly allocated to the c9,t11 CLA group, the t10,c12 CLA group, or the placebo group. Effects of 13 wk of consumption of 3 g of CLA isomers on cytokine production by ex vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and whole blood, and on plasma C-remononuclear
protein (CRP) concentrations were evaluated. To generate hypotheses for future studies, protein expression patterns of 42
cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were evaluated with an antibody array in pooled, nonstimulated, fasting plasma samples.
LPS induced interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α production by PBMC, and whole blood as well as plasma CRP
concentrations were not significantly changed by the c9,t11, and the t10,c12 CLA isomers. The cytokine expression profile in nonstimulated plasma suggested that both CLA isomers induced a specific
inflammatory signature, in which the c9,t11 CLA group showed more activity in terms of numbers of proteins regulated. We conclude that daily consumption of 3 g of
c9,t11 or t10,c12 CLA isomer did not affect LPS-stimulated cytokine production by PBMC or whole blood and plasma CRP levels. Inflammatory
signatures in fasting, nonstimulated plasma as determined by an antibody array may indicate enhanced immune function by both
CLA isomers. |
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