交联QCS／PS阴离子交换膜的制备及表征

以壳聚糖（CS）为原料，2，3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵为醚化剂，通过亲核取代反应，将季铵基团引入壳聚糖主链，制备季铵化壳聚糖（QCS）。采用阳离子季铵盐十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和引发剂过硫酸钾，通过乳液聚合法合成了聚苯乙烯（PS）微乳液。以QCS为膜的基本原料，掺杂了适量的PS微乳液，以戊二醛为交联剂，制备了一系列的OCS／PS阴离子交换膜。用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT—IR）表征了样膜的结构，考察了PS微球和戊二醛含量对QCS／PS膜的吸水性和离子交换量等性能的影响。结果表明，交联剂的加入可有效抑制QCS膜的形变，在PS微球质量分数为35％时，随着交联度的增加使溶胀度从68．5％降低到25．8％，但同时降低了QCS／PS膜的离子交换量。而PS微球却提高了OCS／PS膜的离子交换量，溶胀度也略有降低。因此当交联度为5％、PS微球质量分数为35％时，含水率为65％，IEC为4．89mmol／g，二者都达到了稳定的趋势，能够优化Qcs／Ps膜的整体性能。

Cross-Linking QCS/PS Anion Exchange Membrane Preparation and Characterization

The quaternized chitosan （QCS） was synthesized through the nucleophilie substitution reaction under the conditions was that the chitosan was material and the 2, 3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was etherifying agents. Dutch positive electricity glomerular polystyrene （PS） microemulsion was synthesized through the emulsion polymerization method and the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide was cationic quaternary ammonium salt and the potassium persulfate was initiator. Then the anion exchange membrane was synthesized by take the QCS as material and glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent, at the same time the PS microemulsion was doping into the casting solution. The standard membrane structure was characterized by FT-IR. The content of PS microspheres and glutaraldehyde influence on QCS/PS membrane＇s water content and ion-exchange capacity, ete properties. The results show that the erosslinking agent can effectively inhibit the QCS membrane＇s deformation. When the quality percentage of PS microsphere was 35 %, swelling ratio was reduced from 68.5 to 25.80/o with the increase of crosslinking degree. But at the same time it reduce the QCS/PS membrane＇ s ion-exchange capacity. And PS microspheres will be improved QCS/PS membrane ion-exchange capacity, swelling ratio also will be reduced slightly. The water content is 65 % and ion-exchange capacity is 4.89 mmol/g when the crosslinking degree was 5% and the quality percentage of PS microsphere was 35%. QCS/PS membrane＇s overall performance can be optimized.