塔里木盆地喜马拉雅晚期油气藏调整与改造

塔里木叠合盆地具备多套生储盖组合、多期生排油气作用和多旋回油气成藏作用,为了发展和完善叠合盆地油气成藏理论,总结了叠合盆地研究进展并分析其发展方向.叠合盆地研究主要取得4大进展:①发现了叠合盆地广泛分布的复杂油气藏；②建立了复杂油气藏成因模式；③揭示了复杂油气藏的改造机制；④提出了构造叠加改造复杂油气藏评价模型.叠合盆地功能要素组合控制油气藏的形成和分布,后期构造作用的叠加复合导致了早期油气藏的调整、改造和破坏.叠合盆地油气成藏研究的发展方向主要包括3个方面:①多要素联合控藏模式研究;②油气复合成藏机制研究；③油气藏调整改造机理及预测模式研究,尤其是针对叠合盆地深部开展该方面的研究更具理论和现实意义.

Adjustment and alteration of hydrocarbon reservoirs during the late Himalayan period, Tarim Basin, NW China

To figure out the oil and gas distribution pattern in the Tarim Basin, the adjustment and reformation of oil and gas reservoirs under the background of late Himalayan Orogeny are analyzed. Strongly affected by the tectonic movement, the oil and gas reservoirs in the Tarim Basin experienced secondary actions in physical adjustment and chemical alteration: on the one hand, during the course of physical adjustment, reversed strata caused the early-formed oil migrated laterally along the sandstone in large scale with long distance; on the other hand, in the process of chemical alteration, the deposition of massive strata accelerated the thermal evolution of organic matter, generating large amounts of cracking gas, which went into the pre-existing reservoirs, leading to big change in oil and gas properties and the coexist of heavy, light, waxy oil and condensate gas in the same area. The physical adjustment and chemical reformation of oil and gas reservoirs in late Himalayan period resulted in the lateral differential distribution of oil and gas in large area, multiple oil-bearing layers vertically, and complex and diverse oil and gas properties.