(7<Emphasis Type="Italic">Z</Emphasis>,9<Emphasis Type="Italic">E</Emphasis>)-2-Methyl-7,9-Octadecadiene: A Sex Pheromone Component of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lymantria Bantaizana</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Regine?Gries Grigori?Khaskin Tadao?Gotoh Paul?W?Schaefer Email author" target="_blank">Gerhard?GriesEmail author |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada;(2) Tohoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 92-25 Nabeyashiki, Aza-Shimokuriyagawa, Morioka Iwate, 020-0123, Japan;(3) Agricultural Research Service, Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, 501 S. Chapel Street, Newark, DE 19713, USA |
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Abstract: | Our objective was to identify the sex pheromone of Lymantria bantaizana (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) whose larvae feed exclusively on walnut, Juglans spp., in China, and Japan. Coupled gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analyses of pheromone gland extracts revealed a single EAD-active component. Retention index calculations of this compound on four GC columns suggested that it was a methyl-branched octadecadiene with conjugated double bonds. In GC-EAD analyses of 2-methyloctadecenes, (Z)-2-methyl-7-octadecene and (E)-2-methyl-7-octadecene elicited the strongest antennal responses, suggesting that the double bond positions were at C7 and C9. In comparative GC-EAD analyses of pheromone gland extract and stereoselectively synthesized isomers (E,E; E,Z; Z,E; Z,Z) of 2-methyl-7,9-octadecadiene, the (E,Z)- and (Z,E)-isomer had retention times identical to that of the candidate pheromone, but only the latter isomer elicited strong EAD activity. Results of field experiments in Japan substantiated that (7Z,9E)-2-methyl-7,9-octadecadiene is the L. bantaizana sex pheromone, a compound previously unknown in the Lepidoptera. Detection surveys in North America for exotic Eurasian forest defoliators could include traps baited with the L. bantaizana pheromone. |
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Keywords: | Lymantria bantaizana Lymantria dispar Lymantria monacha Lymantria fumida Lymantria mathura Lymantria xylina (7Z 9E)-2-methyl-7 9-octadecadiene sex pheromone |
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