上海浦东新区谷物、豆类及其制品中黄曲霉毒素的污染调查

目的了解上海市浦东新区谷物、豆类及其制品中黄曲霉毒素(B_1、B_2、G_1、G_2)的污染现状,为相关食品中黄曲霉毒素污染监测提供基础数据。方法 2016年4~8月期间在浦东新区8家超市和5家菜市场进行随机抽样,采集市售谷物、豆类及其制品共计190件样品,样品经多功能净化柱净化提取后,使用超高液相色谱荧光法测定4种黄曲霉毒素含量,最终数据用SPSS 16.0进行统计分析。结果 190件样品中黄曲霉毒素检出率为22.63%,AFB_1超标率为1.05%;比较黄曲霉毒素检出率,豆类及其制品高于谷物及其制品,散装样品高于定型包装样品;4种黄曲霉毒素的检出率AFB_1AFB_2AFG_1AFG_2。结论上海市售谷物、豆类及其制品不同程度的受到黄曲霉毒素的污染,有必要对相关食品进行定期监测,特别是散装制品,尤其需要加强管理监督。建议有关部门制定食品中黄曲霉毒素总量限值,为食品安全监测和评估提供依据。

Investigation on Aflatoxin contamination of cereal,bean and their products in Pudong,Shanghai

Objective To understand the current contamination situation of aflatoxins (B1 、B2 、G1 、G2) in cereal,bean and their products in Pudong,Shanghai and provide fundamental data for aflatoxins monitoring.Methods A total of 190 commercially available cereal,bean and their products samples were collected randomly from 8 supermarkets and 5 terminal-markets in Pudong from April to August in 2016.All samples were extracted with muhifunctional clean-up column and determined by UPLC-FLR.The final figures were processed by SPSS 16.0.Results The total positive rate of aflatoxins was 22.63％ and the total unqualified rate of AFB1 was 1.05％ among all the 190 samples.The comparison of the positive rate of aflatoxins showed that bean and its products were higher than cereal and its products,unpacked samples were higher than packed samples,while no significant difference existed between the samples from supermarkets and terminal-markets.The positive rates of 4 aflatoxins were as follows:AFB1 ＞ AFB2 ＞ AFG1 ＞ AFG2.Conclusion The commercially available cereal,bean and their products were contaminated by aflatoxins to varying degrees.It is ncccssary to make regular monitoring and strengthen supervision,especially the supervision of the unpacked products.The related departments should establish the limit of total aflatoxins in food to provide a basis for food safety monitoring and assessment.