陶行知研究范型的嬗变(下)

从知识社会学的视角,陶行知研究大致可以分为三种类型:史观学派的、史料学派的、融和贯通的陶行知研究。潘开沛的《陶行知思想的批判》是史观学派陶行知研究的典型,它表现了陶行知研究的存在强烈的意图伦理色彩和政治建构特征;以胡晓风为代表的《陶行知全集》整理工作是史料学派陶行知研究的典范,它为20世纪90年代多元化的陶行知研究提供了统一的文献基础,大大推进了陶行知研究的深度。以章开沅、唐文权、胡晓风、金成林等人的《平凡的神圣》、《陶行知与中国现代化》是融和贯通的陶行知研究的代表性著作,它们尝试在中西文化教育史观和现代化模式之下,重新解读陶行知思想与实践,还历史的本真面目。陶行知研究范型的嬗变是学术发展的内在继承与突破、政治社会的现实制约、研究共同体的学识情感复杂互动的结果。

The Development of the Models of Tao Xingzhi''''s Studies

From the perspective of knowledge sociology, studies of Tao Xingzhi may roughly fall into three schools: one is based on historical views, another, on historical data, and another, on a comprehensive and thorough understanding of all relevant material. Criticism on Tao Xingzhi's Thought by Pan Kaipei, typical of the first kind, indicates the characteristics of strong intentional moral principles and political constructivism existing in studies of Tao Xingzhi. Complete Works of Tao Xingzhi, represented by Hu Xiaofeng, is a model of the study that is based on historical data, which provides a unified reference for pluralistic studies of Tao Xingzhi in the 1990s and thus greatly deepens the studies. A Common Man with Holy Ideas and Tao Xingzhi and Chinese Modernization, representative works of the third school by Zhang Kaiyuan, Tang Wenquan, Hu Xiaofeng, Jin Chenglin and others, attempt to re-understand Tao's thought and his practice by referring to the mode that is based on both the historical and modern views of the Chinese and Western cultures and edcuation, with a view to restoring to the original circumstances in history. It can be concluded that the development of models of studies of Tao Xingzhi is both an academic advancement and a breakthough, the restraint of the political society, and the result of the interaction between scholarly attainments and complex affections of the joint studies.