中国冬夏季模式降水方案的应用分析研究

通过对中国冬夏季各一次降水过程的模拟分析 ,研究了不同云降水方案在中国区域的应用特征。结果指出 ,夏季 ,Kain Fritsch(KF)和Betts Miller(BM)积云方案模拟产生的积云降水是有差异的 ,KF方案对本次连续降水过程的预报要优于BM方案 ;KF方案和BM方案可以使周围环境大气状况发生不同的变化 ,KF方案可以使周围环境大气变得更湿、上升气流更加深厚 ,更有利于网格尺度降水的产生 ,即不同积云对流方案对网格尺度降水具有重要的影响 ;冬季 ,中国北方大陆基本没有对流降水产生 ,不同积云对流方案对网格尺度降水预报的影响基本可以不予考虑 ,中国北方的冬季降水主要是由网格尺度降水构成的。

APPLICATION AND STUDY OF PRECIPITATION SCHEMES IN WEATHER SIMULATION IN SUMMER AND WINTER OVER CHINA

Through simulation of summer and winter precipitation cases in China, the cloud precipitation schemes of model were examined. Results indicate that it is discrepancy between convective precipitation simulated by the Kain Fritsch scheme and Betts Miller scheme in summer, the former scheme is better than the later one in this case. The surrounding atmosphere may be varied by different convective schemes. The air is wetter and the updraft is stronger in the Kain Fritsch than in the Betts Miller scheme, which can induce the more grid scale precipitation in the Kain Fritsch scheme. That means, the cumulus schemes difference may have the important effect on grid scale precipitation. However, there is almost no convective rain in winter in northern China, so the effect of cumulus precipitation to the grid scale can be disregarded. Therefore the grid scale precipitation is primary in winter of northern China.