应用X射线衍射法测定轴类工件中的残余应力

根据测试距车轴表面2mm深度处残余应力的要求,推导了剥层测残余应力的修正公式,利用生死单元法模拟了车轴车削的过程,验证了该修正公式的正确性,并采用X射线衍射法测定了距某车轴表面2mm深度处的轴向和周向残余应力。结果表明:X射线衍射法和修正公式能有效测出距车轴表面2mm深度处的残余应力;轴向残余应力最大值(绝对值)和周向残余应力最大值(绝对值)分别出现在0°测点和90°测点,其值分别为-139.15MPa和-105.21MPa,轴向残余应力和周向残余应力各点的差值均小于EN13261标准规定的40MPa。

Measuring Residual Stress in Axial Workpiece by X-Ray Diffraction Method

According to the principle for measuring the residual stress under axle surface 2 mm,the modified formula for stripping method measuring residual stress was deduced,and the correctness of the modified formula was proved by using birth-death element method to simulate the progress of turning the axle.The axial and circumferential residual stresses under axle surface 2 mm were tested by X-ray diffraction method.The results show that the X-ray method and modified formula could measure the residual stress under axle surface 2 mm.The maximal values of axial and circumferential residual stresses appeared at 0°and 90°test points,and their value were-139.15 MPa and-105.21 MPa,respectively,and the differences of axial and circumferential residual stress in every points were less than EN13261 prescribed value of 40 MPa.