黄芪三七复方两种不同制备方法活性组分与功效对比研究

摘要 目的：对比分析黄芪三七复方经本草提取机器快速制备的汤液（HSQ）与传统煎煮汤液（HS）的活性组分、免疫功能及抗氧化活性，探索传统中药复方汤药制备新技术。方法：采用粒度分析仪对黄芪和三七复方本草提取液HSQ和传统汤液HS提取物进行了粒度分析，并用可见分光光度法对其总多糖和总皂苷活性成分的含量进行了分析。腹腔注射抗肿瘤药物阿霉素和灌胃地塞米松分别在NIH小鼠上诱导两种免疫功能紊乱的动物模型。同时，灌胃给予HSQ和HS 连续4周，并通过计算其胸腺和脾脏指数来评估其对免疫功能障碍的调节作用。采用可见光分光光度法测定HSQ和HS与NIH小鼠脑组织匀浆液体外孵育后MDA（丙二醛）含量的变化。结果：与传统汤液HS相比，黄芪三七复方本草提取液HSQ的颗粒平均粒径约为HS的32.7%，尺寸更小、更均一，而且HSQ中总多糖与总皂苷含量显著增加，分别提升27%和50%。在抑制抗肿瘤药物阿霉素引起的小鼠胸腺萎缩，以及激素地塞米松引起的脾脏萎缩等免疫系统紊乱方面也具有更好的活性。另外，黄芪三七复方本草提取液HSQ在体外对MDA生成的抑制率比传统汤液HS高47%，其抗氧化活性更优。结论：相对传统汤液HS，黄芪三七复方本草提取液HSQ拥有更好的微纳形态，具有更高水平的总皂苷与总多糖等活性成分，并且表现出更好的免疫调控与抗氧化活性，该研究对传统汤液制备技术的创新具有较好的示范研究与探索意义。

Comparative Study on the Active Components and Efficacy of Astragalus Membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and Panax Notoginseng Compound by Two Different Preparation Methods

ABSTRACT Objective: The study compared the active components, immune function, and antioxidant activities of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge (Huangqi) and Panax notoginseng (Sanqi) compound decoction rapidly prepared by herbal extraction machines (HSQ) with traditional decoction (HS), and explored the new techniques for the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine compound decoction. Methods: Particle size analysis of HSQ and HS extracts of Huangqi and Sanqi compound herbal medicine was carried out by particle size analyzer, and the content of total polysaccharide and total saponin active components was analyzed by visible spectrophotometry. Two animal models of immune dysfunction were induced by intraperitoneal injection of anti-tumor drug doxorubicin and intragastric administration of dexamethasone in NIH mice, respectively. Simultaneously, HSQ and HS were administrated by gavage for four weeks and their regulatory effects on immune dysfunctions of those mice were evaluated by calculating their thymus and spleen index. Antioxidative activity in vitro was assayed by using visible spectrophotometry method and measuring changes of MDA contents in the brain tissue homogenate of NIH mice after incubation with HSQ and HS. Results: Compared with traditional decoction HS, the average particle size of Huangqi and Sanqi compound herbal extract HSQ is about 32.7% of HS, which is smaller and more uniform in size. Moreover, the content of total polysaccharides and total saponins in HSQ has significantly increased by 27% and 50%, respectively. It also has better activity in inhibiting immune system disorders such as thymic atrophy caused by the anti-tumor drug doxorubicin in mice and spleen atrophy caused by the hormone dexamethasone. In addition, the inhibitory rate of HSQ on MDA production in vitro is 47%, which was higher than that of traditional decoction HS. Moreover, its antioxidant activity is better. Conclusion: Compared to traditional decoction HS, Huangqi and Sanqi compound herbal extract HSQ has better micro- and nano-morphology and higher levels of active components, e.g total polysaccharides and total saponins, and exhibits better immune regulation and antioxidant activities. This study has a good demonstration and exploration research significance for the innovation of traditional decoction preparation technology.