多孔硫化镍中空亚微球的制备及其超电容性能研究

以四水合乙酸镍为原料、硫代乙酰胺为沉淀剂和硫源,采用一步溶剂热法合成了介孔富有的多孔NiS中空亚微球。并采用XRD、FESEM、EDS、TEM、HRTEM、SAED、XPS和氮气吸脱附测试以及循环伏安(CV)、恒流充放电、交流阻抗等进行了材料表征和电化学性能测试。研究结果表明,所合成的NiS为介孔富有的多孔中空亚微球结构,且其尺寸大小较为均匀,壳层较薄。这种独特的多孔中空结构使得其作为超级电容器电池型正极材料时表现出优异的电化学性能:3 A·g~(-1)电流密度下的比容量值为155.4mA·h·g~(-1),20 A·g~(-1)电流密度下的比容量值仍然保持在92.9 mA·h·g~(-1),倍率容量保持率为59.8%,且在5 A·g~(-1)电流密度下5 000次循环后比容量仍可达115.3 mA·h·g~(-1),初始容量保持率为85.0%。

Research on the Preparation and Supercapacitive Properties of Porous NickelSulfide Hollow Submicrospheres

With nickel acetate tetrahydrate as raw material, and thioacetamide as precipitator and sulfur source, mesoporous NiS hollow submicrospheres can be synthesized by using one-step solvothermal method. XRD, FESEM, EDS, TEM, HRTEM, SAED, XPS and nitrogen adsorption and desorption tests, as well as cyclic voltammetry (CV), constant current charge-discharge, AC impedance, are used to characterize and test the electrochemical properties. The results show that the synthesized NiS is characterized with mesoporous and porous hollow submicrospheres with uniform size and thin shell. This unique porous hollow structure enables it to exhibit excellent electrochemical performance as a cathode material for supercapacitor batteries: with the specific capacity at 3A·g-1 current density being 155.4 mA·h·g-1, the specific capacity at 20 A·g-1 current density remaining 92.9 mA·h·g-1, the rate of retention being 59.8%, and the specific capacity still reaching 115.3 mA·h·g-1 after 5 000 cycles with a current density of 5 A·g-1, while the initial capacity retention rate being 85.0%.