考虑接触热阻效应的车床温度场分布仿真分析

在零件生产中，车床加工精度直接影响零件的精度，而在影响车床加工精度的因素中，由于加工过程中温度变化而产生的主轴热变形是其中一个主要的原始误差。本研究通过对45钢与大理石试件接触以及45钢与铸铁HT250接触的热传导温度场进行实验测试，得到了相应的瞬态以及稳态温度场分布数据。基于对不同材料接触时稳态温度的数据分析，分别计算了在不同载荷作用下相应的接触热阻。将实验所得的经验关系式代入Ansys软件对车床受到主轴箱中齿轮传动产生热量作用下的温度场进行仿真分析。同时以大理石材料的机床床身为例，分析床身材料的变化对车床温度场的影响。通过分析，说明了大理石材料机床床身相对于铸铁材料机床床身，其机床主轴箱以及床身可能产生的温度场分布变化。研究结果将为高精度车床设计提供建设性的参考意见。

Simulation Analysis of Temperature Field Distribution of Lathe Considering Contact Thermal Resistance Effect

The machining accuracy of lathe is very important to effect the accuracy of spare parts during the spare parts processing. In the influence factors of the machining accuracy of lathe, the thermal deformation of the main spindle generated by temperature change in the processing is the main original error. Experiments of thermal transferring between 45 # steel specimen and marble specimen, and between 45 # steel specimen and HT250 iron specimen, were done. Then the data of transient -state and steady -state temperature fields distribution were gotten. Based on analyzing the experimental data, the corresponding contact thermal resistance under different loads were computed and analyzed. The relationship equations which were gotten through analyzing of the experimental data were used to simulate the temperature fields of lathe under the effects of the heat which generated from gear engagement in spindle box. In the meantime, the computation was used to analyze the influence of marble tool bed on the temperature field distribution of lathe. The results were checked and clarified. The achievement of this study will supply a good advice for the designing of hi - precision lathe.