羧酸系列集油剂的水面集油性能

研究了十二烷酸、十四烷酸、十六烷酸和十八烷酸在淡水中的集油能力。结果表明，这4种羧酸在淡水表面的表面膜压随其分子中碳数的增加而增大。其中后两者的表面膜压高达45～50mN／m，显著高于各类油膜膜压，满足集油剂对表面活性物质膜压的要求。4种脂肪羧酸在淡水中使柴油油膜的收缩率在1min时达到最大值，分别为80．0％、81．8％、83．8％和88．2％。它们的己醇、正庚醇、正辛醇、仲辛醇溶液的集油持续性，总体上随羧酸分子碳数增加而增大。其中十六烷酸和十八烷酸集油能力非常接近，它们的正庚醇、正辛醇和仲辛醇溶液使柴油膜面积收缩率在120h后仍保持在66．0％～70．2％。该类集油剂毒性低，易为生物降解，有实际应用前景。

COLLECTION PROPERTIES OF OIL COLLECTING AGENTS OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS SERIES ON WATER

The ability of lauric acid, oil from fresh water was studied. It carboxylic acids rose with the increase surface film higher than pressures of that of common last oils two and myristic acid palmitic acid and stearic acid to collect was found that the surface film pressure of the four of the number of carbon atoms in their molecules. The carboxylic acids reached 45-50 raN/m, being notably meeting the requirement for oil collecting agents. The contractibility rates of diesel oil film on fresh water caused by maximum values at 1 rain and were 88. 2%, 83. 8%, 81. Generally, the durability of collecting oil of the four carbo alcohol, octanol, and 2-octyl alcohol solution increased also carbon atoms in diesel oil film w of oil collecting their molecules. The co ere very close, both kept agents has low toxicity the four carboxylic acids reached 8%, xylic with and 80. 0%, respective acids in hexanol, enant increase of the number ly. hid of ntractibility rates of palmitic acid and stearic acid for in the range of 66.0%-70.2% after 120 h. This kind and easily biodegradation and has a good prospect of application in industry.