海洋石油开发周边海域重金属锌的时空分布特征研究

海洋石油开发过程中重金属锌对海洋的影响日益受到关注。依据曹妃甸油田群海域2010—2018年长期海洋环境监测数据,采用克里金插值法和Hakanson生态风险指数法,分析了海域重金属锌的变化趋势、时空分布特征和潜在生态风险,探讨了可能来源并提出减缓措施。结果表明:研究海域海水水质锌呈现先降低后升高的趋势,平均含量2010年5月最高。2010年5月沉积物锌含量为(44.9±14.3)×10^-6低于渤海表层沉积物锌含量背景值(67.6±17.0)×10^-6。各期监测结果显示,油田区域未形成明显锌高值区。陆源排污、河流入海携带、航运、大气湿沉降等是研究海域重金属锌的重要来源。

Characteristic Research on the Spatial Distribution Patterns of Heavy Metal Zine in the Sea Area around Offshore Oil and Gas Development

The influence of heavy metal zinc on the ocean in the process of offshore oil development has been paid more and more attention nowadays.Based on the long-term marine environmental survey data from 2010 to 2018 in the sea area of the Caofeidian oil field group,the Kriging interpolation method and Hakanson ecological risk index method were used to evaluate the change trend,spatial distribution patterns and potential ecological risks.The possible source of Zn was discussed and the mitigation measures were put forward.The results showed a trend of the average content decrease first and increase later,and the content of heavy metal zine was highest in May 2010.The zinc content in the sediments in May 2010 was(44.9±14.3)×10^-6,which was lower than the background value of the surface sediment zinc content in the Bohai Sea(67.6±17.0)×10^-6.The spatial distribution patterns showed that there was no local high value region in the oil field area.Land-based pollutant emission,river transport into the sea,shipping waste and atmospheric wet subsidence were important sources of heavy metal zine in the study sea area.