基于共同富裕的健康扶贫政策优化

经过长期不懈的努力,尤其是近几年的脱贫攻坚战,中国因病致贫、因病返贫的问题基本得到解决。在推进共同富裕的征程中,健康扶贫将长期持续,因而需要基于反贫困并促进人的全面发展,实现健康扶贫政策的三个转变:从“以治病为中心”到“以健康为中心”;从“医疗帮扶”到“疾病预防”;从“最少受惠者”扩展到“次少受惠者”。据此,现阶段健康扶贫政策优化的重点如下:一是基本医疗保障制度逐步实行个人医疗费用封顶制;二是加强基层医疗卫生服务供给;三是增强个人健康管理意识和管理能力;四是关注贫困人口的心理健康;五是建设有益于健康的环境。

The Optimization of Policies of Health Poverty Alleviation Based on Common Prosperity

After long-term efforts,especially in the fight against poverty in recent years,the problem of poverty caused by illness and returning to poverty due to illness has basically been solved in China. In the journey of advancing common prosperity,health poverty alleviation will continue for a long time. Therefore,based on anti-poverty and promoting peoples all-round development,it is necessary to realize three changes in policies of health poverty alleviation:from “treatment-centered” to “health-centered”,from “medical assistance” to “disease prevention”,from “the least beneficiary” to “the second least beneficiary”. Accordingly,the focus of optimizing the policies of health poverty alleviation at this stage is as follows:first,the basic medical security system gradually implements a capping system for personal medical expenses;second,strengthen the supply of primary health care services;third,enhance the awareness and ability of personal health management;fourth,pay attention to the mental health of the poor;fifth,build a healthy environment.