鸡枞菌多糖对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究鸡枞菌多糖（refined polysaccharide from Termitomyces albuminosus，RPTA）对酒精所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：小鼠被随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、药物对照组（联苯双酯灌胃，150 mg/（kg·d），以体质量计，下同）、RPTA各剂量组（100、200、400 mg/（kg·d）），连续灌胃30 d，空白对照组和模型对照组按等量生理盐水灌胃。第31天，给予50%乙醇（12 mL/kg ，以体质量计）建立动物急性肝损伤模型。去除死亡小鼠，在灌胃12 h后各组均取10 只小鼠摘眼球取血并分离血清，测定谷草转氨酶（aspartatetransaminase，AST）和谷丙转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase，ALT）活性、甘油三酯（triglyceride，TG）水平；处死后取小鼠肝脏测定各项抗氧化指标，并采用石蜡切片分析小鼠肝损伤程度。结果：与模型对照组相比，RPTA各剂量组均能降低血清AST和ALT活性、TG水平及肝脏丙二醛含量，提高肝脏超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性及谷胱甘肽（glutathione，GSH）含量，肝脏变性和坏死等病理改变明显减轻，尤以RPTA高剂量组为佳。结论：RPTA对小鼠酒精性肝损伤具有明显保护作用，其机制可能为RPTA预处理可以提前增强机体的自由基清除防御体系，可以有效地拮抗急性酒精所导致的抗氧化酶活性降低及GSH耗竭，抑制自由基介导的脂质过氧化反应，增强脂肪酸在细胞内代谢，保护细胞膜，促进细胞的再生和修复。

Protective Effect of Polysaccharides from Termitomyces albuminosus on Alcoholic Liver Injury in Mice

Objective: The protective effect of refined polysaccharides from Termitomyces albuminosus (RPTA) on acute
alcoholic hepatic injury in mice was investigated. Methods: The mice were randomly divided into blank control group,
alcoholic control model group, bifendate (150 mg/(kg·d)) group and RPTA (100, 200 and 400 mg/(kg·d)) groups. All mice
except the blank control group were administered with the corresponding drugs for 30 days prior to the administration of
50% alcohol at a dose of 12 mL/kg bw. After alcohol treatment for 12 hours, sera were collected to determine aspartate
transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and triglyceride (TG). All mice were killed through dislocation for the
assay of antioxidant activity in liver, while the degree of hepatic injury in mice was analyzed by histological examination.
Results: The levels of AST, ALT, TG, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver revealed an obvious decrease in the RPTA
treatment groups when compared to the model control group, while the contents of glutathione (GSH), and the activities of
superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver exhibited an obvious increase. The pathological
changes such as fatty degeneration and necrosis in liver were significantly alleviated in the RPTA groups, especially in
the 400 mg/(kg·d) RPTA group. Conclusion: RPTA can protect the liver from alcohol-induced injury in mice, likely by
enhancing the radical-scavenging system and protecting the cell membrane from alcohol-induced injury.