A reassortment-incompetent live attenuated influenza virus vaccine for protection against pandemic virus strains |
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Authors: | Hai Rong García-Sastre Adolfo Swayne David E Palese Peter |
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Affiliation: | 1Department of Microbiology;2Institute of Global Health and Emerging Pathogens;3Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York;4USDA-ARS, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Athens, Georgia 30605-2195 |
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Abstract: | Although live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) are safe for use in protection against seasonal influenza strains, concerns regarding their potential to reassort with wild-type virus strains have been voiced. LAIVs have been demonstrated to induce enhanced mucosal and cell-mediated immunity better than inactivated vaccines while also requiring a smaller dose to achieve a protective immune response. To address the need for a reassortment-incompetent live influenza A virus vaccine, we have designed a chimeric virus that takes advantage of the fact that influenza A and B viruses do not reassort. Our novel vaccine prototype uses an attenuated influenza B virus that has been manipulated to express the ectodomain of the influenza A hemagglutinin protein, the major target for eliciting neutralizing antibodies. The hemagglutinin RNA segment is modified such that it contains influenza B packaging signals, and therefore it cannot be incorporated into a wild-type influenza A virus. We have applied our strategy to different influenza A virus subtypes and generated chimeric B/PR8 HA (H1), HK68 (H3), and VN (H5) viruses. All recombinant viruses were attenuated both in vitro and in vivo, and immunization with these recombinant viruses protected mice against lethal influenza A virus infection. Overall, our data indicate that the chimeric live-attenuated influenza B viruses expressing the modified influenza A hemagglutinin are effective LAIVs. |
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