中国 6 省糖尿病患者糖尿病防治知识现状及影响因素分析

目的了解糖尿病患者防治知识及影响因素，为开展糖尿病患者教育与健康传播提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样方法，于2013年3-5月对我国东、中、西部6省三甲医院就诊的糖尿病患者进行问卷调查。结果共调查糖尿病患者639例，男性329例（51.5％），女性310例（48.5％）。对控制2型糖尿病空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖和糖化血红蛋白指标知晓率分别为73.7％、59.9％和29.7％。对低血糖和高血糖的表现及血糖监测的意义全部回答正确率分别为18.9％、26.6％和37.6％。对糖尿病的错误说法、饮食的错误说法、运动时注意事项和综合治疗的内容全部回答正确率分别为64.0％、31.8％、34.9％和37.6％。对糖尿病常见并发症和高危人群全部回答正确率分别为35.1％和9.5％。对糖尿病不能治愈的知晓率为77.6％。糖尿病患者防治知识得分为（15.13±4.65）分，多因素分析结果显示，文化程度、患病年限、患并发症数量是糖尿病防治知识的影响因素，其中文化程度是主要影响因素（β=2.786，95％CI：2.001～3.571）。结论应对患者应开展有针对性的健康教育和健康促进活动，提高患者糖尿病防治知识水平。

Analysis on diabetes prevention and control knowledge and its influencing factors among diabetics in six provinces of China

Objective To understand the diabetes prevention and control knowledge and its influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for conducting diabetic patient＇ health education and health promotion. Methods Cross-sectional study was adopted together with accidental sampling in the study to select patients who came to tertiary hospitals in the 6 provinces in China from January to March in 2013 to undergo a questionnaire survey. Results A total of 639 cases of diabetic patients, male 329 cases （51.5%） , female 310 cases （48.5%）. On the control of type 2 diabetes, fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 hour blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin index awareness rate were 73.7%, 59. 9% and 29.7%. Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia on performance and blood glucose monitoring significance all correct answer rate were 18.9% , 26. 6% and 37.6%. Diabetes wrong view, diabetic diet mistakes, diabetes exercise caution and comprehensive treatment of diabt：tes of the contents of all the correct answer rates were 64%, 31.8%, 34. 9% and 37.6%. The common complication of diabetes mellitus and high-risk groups all the correct answer rates were 35. 1% and 9. 5%. The diabetes cannot be cured the awareness rate was 77.6%. The average knowledge score of diabetes prevention and treatment was （ 15.13 ± 4.65 ）. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the influencing factors of diabetes prevention and treatment knowledge were education background, number of complications and years of sickness, the main factors were education background （β =2.786, 95% CI： 2.001 -3.571） . Conclusion Targeted health education and health promotion strategies for patients should be developed to improve their diabetes prevention and control knowledge.