微量Er对高强铝合金组织与性能的影响

借助力学性能测试和光学金相（OM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）与能谱（EDS）的观察和分析，研究了微量Er对高强铝合金Al-6Zn-2Mg的力学性能、微观组织结构、时效硬化特性及再结晶行为的影响。结果表明：Er能非常显著地细化合金的晶粒组织，这是因为初生Al3Er作为非均质形核核心，能提高形核率，从而有效地细化晶粒；Er能够较大幅度地提高合金的拉伸力学性能，细晶强化与析出强化是合金的主要强化机制；Er可加快合金的时效进程，提高时效强化效果；同时，Er可以抑制合金再结晶，提高再结晶温度，这是由于细小的二次Al3Er质点钉扎位错和亚晶界而引起的。

Effects of Trace Er on Structures and Properties of High Strength Al-Zn-Mg Alloy

Effects of trace Er addition on the mechanical properties, microstructure, age-hardening characteristics and recrystallization behavior of the high strength Al-6Zn-2Mg alloy have been investigated by tensile property measurement, optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy spectrum analysis (EDS). The results show that Er can greatly refine the grain size of the alloy, which is attributed to primary Al_3Er as heterogeneous substrate to sharply improve nuclei rate. Tensile strength of the alloy has been significantly improved with Er addition as a result of fine grain strengthening and precipitated strengthening. Meanwhile, Er addition can improve age-hardening effects by accelerating ageing process of the alloy. In addition, Er can inhibit the recrystallization of the alloy and raise the recrystallized temperature, resulting from the pinning effects of the secondary fine Al_3Er phase on dislocation and sub-boundary.