气候变化健康风险的城市空间影响及规划干预

气候变化通过多种途径威胁城市居民的健康,导致突发致命风险、慢性非传染病风险、传染病风险和心理健康风险等4种类型的健康风险。城市空间要素对于气候变化导致的居民健康风险起着重要影响作用,本文建立"气候变化-空间要素-健康风险"关系框架,提出规划理念应从规划目标和服务主体方面积极转变,以应对气候变化导致的居民健康风险,进一步提出积极开展气候变化健康风险评估,并在总体规划、专项规划和详细规划阶段将健康风险评估融入国土空间规划体系的具体建议。

URBAN SPATIAL IMPACTS ON RESIDENTS' HEALTH RISK CAUSED BY CLIMATE CHANGE AND PLANNING INTERVENTION

Climate change threatens the health of urban residents in a variety of ways,resulting in four types of health risks:sudden fatal risk,chronic non-communicable disease risk,infectious disease risk,and mental health risk.Urban spatial elements greatly influence the health risk of residents caused by climate change.This paper establishes a relationship framework of"climate change–spatial elements–health risk",and proposes that planning concepts should be actively changed from the perspectives of planning goals and service subjects to dealing with the health risk of residents caused by climate change.Finally,the paper puts forward specific suggestions concerning carrying out the assessment on climate change-caused health risks and integrating the health risk assessment into the territorial planning system at the levels of comprehensive planning,special planning,and detailed planning.