含有磺酸和羧酸基团的水性聚氨酯的研究

以聚氧化丙烯二醇(N210)和2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)为原料,通过逐步加聚反应,合成了聚氨酯预聚体;再以羧酸型亲水扩链剂二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和自制的磺酸型亲水扩链剂1,2-二羟基-3-丙磺酸钠(DHPA),通过扩链反应,制备了兼有磺酸盐和羧酸盐的水性聚氨酯乳液,烘干制胶膜,并对胶膜进行了红外光谱的表征以及耐水性能和力学性能的测试和分析;测定了乳液的固含量,重点研究了R值,亲水基团含量(DMPA和DHPA在预聚体中的百分含量)和DHPA在亲水基团中的含量对胶膜力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,通过逐步加聚和扩链反应,可成功地制得固含量高达70％的,兼有磺酸和羧酸的水性聚氨酯乳液;且当R值(NCO／OH)为2,亲水基团含量为5％,DHPA在亲水基团中的含量为20％时,胶膜的综合力学性能优良(断裂伸长率高达2 135％)。

Study on the aqueous polyurethane containing both carboxylic and sulfonic groups

In this paper,the aqueous polyurethane containing both carboxylic and aulfonic groups was synthesized using toluene diisocyanates and polyether glycol as materials via stepwise polymerization reaction and chain -extending reaction. The chemical structure of the product was characterized with FTIR. The water resistance and mechanical properties of WPU film were tested as well as solid content. The effects on the properties of film were mainly studied,such as R(the ratio of NCO and OH),hydrophilie group(%) and the ratio of DMPA and DHPA. The experiment results show that the aqueous polyurethane containing both carboxylate and sulfonate groups was successfully synthesized with high solid content by the way of stepwise polymerization reaction and chain-extending reaction. The fitting reaction conditions of the comprehensive mechanical properties of film are as follows:value of R is 2,the ratio of DMPA and DHPA is 4:1,hydrophilie groups amount is 5%.