| 三峡水库消落带土壤侵蚀问题初步探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 鲍玉海,贺秀斌. 三峡水库消落带土壤侵蚀问题初步探讨[J]. 水土保持研究, 2011, 18(6): 190-195 |
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| 作者姓名： | 鲍玉海 贺秀斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院, 水利部, 成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院西部行动计划“三峡库区水土流失与面源污染控制试验示范”(KZCX2-XB3-09); 国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD31B03); 国家水专项课题(2009ZX07104-001) |
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| 摘 要： | 三峡水库蓄水运行后将出现一个落差达30 m的消落带，由于库水涨落和水文地质条件改变，导致沿岸植被破坏，地表裸露，在降水、库水位周期性地涨落和涌浪的作用下，土壤侵蚀强烈，对当地的经济及环境产生影响，故对消落带的土壤侵蚀问题应予以重视。根据三峡水库2007-2010年试验性蓄水产生的消落带实地调查，在总结消落带土壤侵蚀主要影响因素的基础上，分析了三峡水库消落带几种典型的土壤侵蚀形式:波浪侵蚀、降雨径流侵蚀、崩塌及滑坡，其中波浪侵蚀和崩塌最为突出，其次为消落带成陆期的降雨溅蚀和径流冲刷，而滑坡主要以蠕滑和前缘崩塌为主。同时，针对岸坡的不同物质构成和地形地貌，提出了不同土壤侵蚀类型的主要分布特点，可以给库区消落带土壤侵蚀的防治提供借鉴。
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| 关 键 词： | 三峡水库 滑落带 库岸崩塌 波浪侵蚀 土壤侵蚀 |
Preliminary Study on Soil Erosion at the Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of the Three-Gorges Reservoir |
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| BAO Yu-hai,HE Xiu-bin. Preliminary Study on Soil Erosion at the Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of the Three-Gorges Reservoir[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2011, 18(6): 190-195 |
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| Authors: | BAO Yu-hai HE Xiu-bin |
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| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolution and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China |
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| Abstract: | There will be the annual change of 30 m in water level after the Three-Gorges Reservoir is completed,and thus there will be a water-level-fluctuating zone.Because few plants can grow well in such environment that is either very wet or very dry,usually the belt appears as a bare slope and has serious soil erosion problem.Characteristics of soil and water loss are primary obtained through field survey in the existing water-level-fluctuating zone.The preliminary investigation result indicates that the phenomen... |
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| Keywords: | the Three-Gorges Reservoir water level fluctuating zone bank collapse surge erosion soil erosion |
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