印度鹰嘴豆资源遗传多样性分析及优异资源筛选#br#

为了解并有效利用印度鹰嘴豆种质资源农艺性状的多样性，通过遗传多样性分析、聚类分析、主成分分析和综合D值评价等方法对181份印度鹰嘴豆资源的12个农艺性状的多样性水平进行分析，筛选可用于评价鹰嘴豆资源的农艺性状及综合表现良好的种质。结果表明：12个表型性状的变异系数范围为7.47%（播种至开花期天数）～85.26%（秕荚数），百粒重、分枝数、有效分枝数、实荚数、见花至开花期天数、产量、单株产量和秕荚数的变异系数均大30%，具有很好的改良潜力；Shannon多样性指数范围为1.750 9（单株产量）～2.053 5（单荚粒数），平均值为1.930 2，单荚粒数、株高、有效枝数和播种至见花期天数的多样性指数均大于2.000 0，12个农艺性状的遗传多样性指数均大于1.700 0，说明各性状的数量指标分布较为均匀；在欧式距离为3.41处，181份印度鹰嘴豆资源被分为9个类群，各类群资源数量不同，第Ⅰ～Ⅷ类群均具有一定的性状优势；筛选到4个可用于综合评价印度鹰嘴豆资源的主要表型性状，分别为实荚数、播种至开花期天数、株高、分枝数；利用综合D值评价筛选到31份综合表现较好的资源，为我国鹰嘴豆种质创新和新品种选育提供理论基础和优异的基础材料、亲本来源。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Indian Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Resources and Screening of Excellent Germplasm

In order to study the genetic diversity of agronomic traits of Indian chickpea resources, by diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation, genetic diversity analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis and comprehensive D value, 12 agronomic traits of 181 chickpea resources were analyzed to select the major agronomic traits, which had significant effect on comprehensive evaluation and excellent resources which had comprehensive well performance. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 12 agronomic traits were 7.47% (days from sowing to flowering period, DSFP) to 85.26% (number of pods no seeds per plant, NPNS), among which HSW (hundred seeds weight), NB (number of branches), NBP (number of branches with pods), NPSP (number of pods with seeds per plant), DFFP (days from first flower to flowering period), YPP(yield per plot), YH (yield per hectare) and NPNS were all higher than 30%, indicating that these traits had great potential for improvement. The Shannon-Wiener analysis showed that diversity index of 12 agronomic traits were 1.750 9 (YP) to 2.053 5 (number of seeds per pod, NSPP), among which the NSPP, PH (plant height), NBP and DSFF (days from sowing to first flower) were higher than 2.000 0, and all traits were higher than 1.700 0, indicating that all the index of 12 traits distributed well. Cluster analysis showed that when European distance was 3.41, 181 resources were clustered into nine groups with different number of resources.Excepting group Ⅸ, all groups had different advantages. Meanwhile, four traits including NPSP, DSFF, PH, NB had significant effects on. And 31 germplasm resources were selected with better comprehensive characteristics by D value, which provided theoretical basis and excellent resources for innovative utilization of chickpea in China.