新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间北京市青少年抑郁焦虑情况调查及影响因素

目的 旨在调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间北京市青少年抑郁焦虑情况及影响因素,为北京市青少年心理健康教育及心理危机干预提供有价值的数据及科学参考。方法 本研究采用在线问卷的调查形式,利用儿童流行病学调查用抑郁评定量表(Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children,CES-DC)评估抑郁程度,广泛性焦虑量表(Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale,GAD-7)评估焦虑程度,在新冠肺炎流行期间收集北京市初高中学生数据并对影响因素进行分析。结果 本研究共有1 142名北京市初高中学生纳入分析,年龄11~18岁。其中CES-DC＞15分的有465例,占40.7%,GAD-7≥5分的有275例,占24.1%。此外,多因素Logistics回归分析结果提示女性(OR=0.754, P=0.034)、每天睡眠时间＜6 h(OR=3.977, P＜0.001)、学习效率比疫情发生前低(OR=2.699, P＜0.001)、每天体育锻炼时间＜30 min(OR=1.712, P＜0.001)是抑郁症状的独立因素;高中(OR=0.428, P=0.002)、学习效率比疫情发生前低(OR=2.467, P＜0.001)、每天体育锻炼时间＜30 min(OR=1.817, P＜0.001)是焦虑症状的独立因素。 结论 在COVID-19流行期间,北京市儿童青少年群体有抑郁症状和焦虑症状的比例显著增高。应重视引发抑郁焦虑的相关因素,关注青少年精神心理健康,尽早在青少年群体中开展心理危机干预工作。

Investigation of depression and anxiety and their influencing factors among adolescents in Beijing during the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic

Objective To investigate the level of depression and anxiety and their influencing factors among adolescents in Beijing during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, and to provide valuable quantified data and scientific references for the mental health education and psychological crisis intervention for the adolescents. Methods The online questionnaire survey was carried out to collect the data. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale (GAD-7) were utilized to assess the degree of depression and anxiety, respectively. We collected data from students in junior and senior high schools in Beijing during the COVID-19 epidemic and analyzed correlative factors. Results A total of 1 142 students between 11-18 years old from junior and senior high schools were included in this study. There were 465 cases with CES-DC>15 points, accounting for 40.7%, and 275 cases with GAD-7 ≥ 5 points, accounting for 24.1%. Multivariate regression analysis suggested that the female gender (OR=0.754, P=0.034), sleep time <6 h/d (OR=3.977, P＜0.001), lowered learning efficiency (OR=2.699, P<0.001), and physical exercise time <30 min/d (OR=1.712, P<0.001) represented independent factors for depression, whilst the grades in senior high school (OR=0.428, P=0.002), lowered learning efficiency (OR=2.467, P<0.001), and physical exercise time <30 min/d (OR=1.817, P<0.001) represented independent factors for anxiety. Conclusion This study found that proportion of depression and anxiety increased significantly among adolescents in Beijing during the COVID-19 epidemic. It reminds us to pay attention to the mental and psychological health of the teenagers and the related factors that easily cause depression and anxiety. We should carry out psychological crisis intervention for the adolescents as early as possible.