基于高通量测序的土壤细菌组成、丰度及多样性分析

研究盐碱地土壤微生物群落结构变化,细菌数量变化可以作为高粱耐盐材料筛选的标准之一,本研究将为高粱耐盐材料的选育及高粱耐盐性研究提供理论依据。试验采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序方法对盐碱地高粱根际菌群结构进行分析,选用10份不同的高粱亲本材料,采集盐碱地高粱根际土壤样品,研究结果表明：耐盐材料OTU数量较多,土壤微生物的群体数量的增加及其生长速率的增大可有效地促进土壤酶的活性,从而提高材料的生长速率;样品342、473的Chao1、ACE和Shannon指数均最高,Simpson指数最小,该材料的物种多样性最高;相反,盐敏材料68、622的Chao1、ACE和Shannon指数均最低,Simpson指数最大,多样性最低。研究结果表明耐盐材料根际土壤细菌具有较高的物种多样性,该指标可以作为耐盐材料筛选的评价指标。

Analysis of Soil Bacterial Composition,Abundance and Diversity Based on High-throughput Sequencing

To study the changes in soil microbial community structure in saline-alkali soils, and the number of bacteria can be used as one of the criteria for screening sorghum salt-tolerant materials. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the selection of sorghum salt-tolerant materials and the study of sorghum salt tolerance. In the experiment, the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing method was used to analyze the structure of the rhizosphere flora of sorghum in saline-alkali land. Ten different sorghum parent materials were selected to collect rhizospheric soil samples of sorghum in saline-alkali land. The increase in the number of microorganisms and their growth rate can effectively promote the activity of soil enzymes, thereby increasing the growth rate of the material; the Chao1, ACE and Shannon indexes of samples 342 and 473 are the highest, and the Simpson index is the smallest. The species diversity is the highest; on the contrary, the Chao1, ACE and Shannon indexes of the salt-sensitive materials 68 and 622 are the lowest, the Simpson index is the largest, and the diversity is the lowest. The research results show that the rhizosphere soil bacteria of salt-tolerant materials have high species diversity, and this index can be used as an evaluation index for screening salt-tolerant materials.