重庆市35岁及以上居民血脂异常患病率及相关因素分析

目的 分析重庆市35～75岁居民血脂异常患病率及相关因素,为开展血脂异常防治提供建议。方法 2016—2018年在重庆市8个中国心血管病高危人群早期筛查与干预项目点招募35～75岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和血糖、血脂检测,数据采用SPSS 25.0进行统计分析,不同人群血脂异常患病率的比较采用χ²检验,血脂异常患病率相关因素分析采用逐步后退的logistic 回归分析。结果 共调查101 036人,平均年龄(56.58±10.17)岁,血脂异常患病率为31.48%,标化患病率为30.81%,高胆固醇血症患病率10.95%,高甘油三酯血症患病率18.58%,低高密度脂蛋白血症患病率9.66%,高低密度脂蛋白血症患病率4.86%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,城市(OR=1.241,95%CI:1.195～1.288)、汉族(OR=1.127,95%CI:1.073～1.184)、50岁～年龄组(OR=1.,95%CI:1.032～1.197)、职业为机关事业单位工作人员(OR=1.383,95%CI:1.294～1.478)、商业服务业人员(OR=1.359,95%CI:1.280～1.444)、退休(OR=1.088,95%CI:1.033～1.146)、其它不便分类的职业(OR=1.354,95%CI:1.287～1.426)、家庭年收入在1万元～(OR=1.112,95%CI:1.059～1.168)、现在吸烟(OR=1.159,95%CI: 1.115～1.204)、超重(OR=1.853,95%CI: 1.646～2.086)、肥胖(OR=2.115,95%CI:1.866～2.398)、中心性肥胖(OR=1.342,95%CI:1.294～1.393)、高血压(OR=1.243,95%CI:1.205～1.282)、糖尿病(OR=1.729,95%CI: 1.666～1.795)是血脂异常患病率的危险因素,年龄≥70岁(OR=0.864,95%CI:0.793～0.941)是血脂异常的保护因素。结论 重庆市35～75岁居民血脂异常患病率较高,应针对重点人群和危险因素进行干预,开展“高血脂、高血压和高血糖”三高共管。

Prevalence rate of dyslipidemia and its related factors among residents aged 35 years and above in Chongqing Municipality

Objective To analyze the prevalence rate of dyslipidemia and its relative factors among residents aged between 35 and 75 years in Chongqing Municipality,and to provide suggestions for dyslipidemia prevention and control.Methods Permanent residents aged between 35 and 75 years were recruited from 8 sites implementing the China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events in Chongqing Municipality from 2016 to 2018.Questionnaire surveys were conducted,and physical examination,glucose test and lipid test were performed.The data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 software.Chi-square test was employed to compare the differences in the prevalence rates of dyslipidemia among different populations.The factors related to the prevalence rate of dyslipidemia were identified by stepwise backward multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of101,036 residents were surveyed.The average age was(56.58±10.17)years old.The prevalence rate of dyslipidemia was31.48%,and the standardized prevalence rate was 30.81%.The prevalence rates of hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia,low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were 10.95%,18.58%,9.66%and 4.86%,respectively.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that urban area(OR=1.241,95%CI:1.195-1.288),Han ethnic group(OR=1.127,95%CI:1.073-1.184),age group of 50 years and above(OR=1.111,95%CI:1.032-1.197),staff from governments and institutions(OR=1.383,95%CI:1.294-1.478),business and service personnel(OR=1.359,95%CI:1.280-1.444),the retired(OR=1.088,95%CI:1.033-1.146),other occupations with difficult categorization(OR=1.354,95%CI:1.287-1.426),annual household income equal to 10,000 Yuan or less than 25,000 Yuan(OR=1.112,95%CI:1.059-1.168),present smoking(OR=1.159,95%CI:1.115-1.204),overweight(OR=1.853,95%CI:1.646-2.086),obesity(OR=2.115,95%CI:1.866-2.398),central obesity(OR=1.342,95%CI:1.294-1.393),hypertension(OR=1.243,95%CI:1.205-1.282)and diabetes(OR=1.729,95%CI:1.666-1.795)were risk factors for the prevalence rate of dyslipidemia,while the ages of 70 years and above(OR=0.864,95%CI:0.793-0.941)were protective factors for dyslipidemia.Conclusions The prevalence rate of dyslipidemia in residents aged 35-75 years in Chongqing Municipality was high.It is necessary to peform dyslipidemia intervention targeting on the key population and risk factors,and conduct co-management for dyslipidemia,hypertension and hyperglycemia.