基于多元数据的城市工业布局气候适宜性评估——以淄博为例

本文以淄博市城市发展战略规划（2017—2030年）为例，开展了基于多元数据的城市工业布局气候适宜性评估。基于气象、遥感、环保等多元资料，对城市规划密切相关的风环境、热环境、大气环境等进行了综合分析。结果表明：研究区主导风向和风速大小存在一定空间差异，北部的桓台和临淄的主导风路径多以东—西为主，其余地区以南—北路径为主，临淄的东部地区和淄川的中部地区为常年风速大值区，而周村、张店的大部分地区和博山的南部区域为风速小值区；城市热岛范围随时间扩张明显，以两轴区域为核心，呈蔓延式发展，较强以上等级热岛面积由2009年的405 km2发展至2016年的918 km2，其中张店区的增幅速度最快；敏感性模拟试验显示，易在山前出现污染汇聚带，PM2.5污染物高浓度主要分布在淄博的中北部平原地区，而市域北部和东部区域的污染扩散条件相对较好，各区域工业排放大气污染物的扩散特征主要受不同区域的主导风影响，其中淄川北部与张店南部的污染物扩散易对整个中心城区产生较大影响。综合考虑以上风环境、热环境、大气环境的分析结果，将规划区进行大气环境敏感区等级划分，明确了5类区域的工业布局气候适宜性，从改善局地气候与大气环境角度提出规划建议，为合理配置土地功能、优化工业布局提供了科学支撑。

Climate Suitability Evaluation of Urban Industrial Layout Based on Multivariate Data Analysis: Taking Zibo as an Example

Taking the urban development strategic planning of Zibo city (2017-2030) as an example, this paper analyses the climate suitability assessment of the urban industrial layout based on multivariate data analysis. The wind environment, thermal environment and atmospheric environment, closely related to urban planning, are comprehensively analysed using meteorological, remote sensing and environmental data. The results show that there is a certain spatial difference in the dominant wind direction and wind speed within the planning area. The dominant wind path in Huantai and Linzi, located in the northern part of Zibo, is mostly east-west, and the rest of the area is mainly south-north. The eastern area of Linzi and the central area of Zichuan are regions with high annual wind speeds, while most of Zhoucun, Zhangdian and the southern area of Boshan are regions with small wind speeds. The extent of the urban heat island has expanded significantly over time, with the two axis area as the core, showing a sprawling development. The area of the relatively strong and stronger heat island in the planning area has grown from 405 km² in 2009 to 918 km² in 2016, among which Zhangdian displays the fastest growth rate. The results of the sensitivity simulation experiment show that pollution convergence zones are likely to occur in front of the mountain, and the area with a high concentration of PM_2.5 is mainly distributed in the north-central plains of Zibo. The pollution diffusion condition in the northern and eastern regions of the city is relatively good. The diffusion characteristics of air pollutants emitted by industries in various regions are mainly affected by the dominant winds in different areas. Among them, the diffusion of pollutants in the north of Zichuan and the south of Zhangdian is easy to have a greater impact on the entire central city. Comprehensively considering the above analysis results of wind environment, thermal environment, and atmospheric environment, the classification of the sensitive areas of atmospheric environment in the planning area is carried out, and the suitability of the industrial layout for five types of areas is clarified. From the perspective of improving the local climate and atmospheric environment, this paper put forward planning suggestions that provide scientific support for rational allocation of land functions and industrial layout optimisation.