稳定井壁封堵材料分类的研究进展

稳定井壁封堵材料种类众多,对其进行合理分类能为材料优选和稳定井壁效果评价提供依据。目前稳定井壁封堵材料主要以材料外观、力学性能、作用机制以及作用目的等进行分类,各种分类方法之间存在不同程度的交叉,导致同类材料封堵性能评价方法不同,不同类材料的封堵试验效果对比缺乏依据。为了确立同类材料的表征方法,建立不同类材料稳定井壁封堵效果的评价方法,提出以稳定井壁过程中封堵材料分子之间是否发生化学反应为依据,将材料分为物理封堵材料和化学封堵材料两大类。同时,按照封堵带作用形式将物理封堵材料细分为机械支护、桥接封堵、变形充填、泡沫堆积和成膜封堵等5小类;按照发生化学反应类型将化学封堵材料细分为交联封堵材料、胶凝封堵材料和沉淀封堵材料等3小类。该分类方法在一定程度上解决了因材料分类交叉所带来的封堵材料评价方法缺失和试验效果依据缺乏的难题,有利于在封堵作用机理基础上建立评价方法和标准,推动封堵学学科的发展。

Progress of Research on Classification of Plugging Materials for Stabilizing Borehole Wall

There are many types of plugging materials for stabilizing borehole wall,and reasonable classification of them can provide basis for material optimization and borehole wall stabilization effect evaluation.At present,the plugging materials for stabilizing borehole wall are mainly classified by the appearance,mechanical property,action mechanism and action purpose of them.There are different degrees of cross among these classification methods,which leads to different evaluation methods for plugging performance of similar materials,and the comparison of plugging test results of different types of materials lacks basis.In order to establish the characterization method of similar materials and the evaluation method of plugging effect of different types of materials for stabilizing borehole wall,based on chemical reaction between plugging material molecules in the process of stabilizing borehole wall,the materials are classified into physical plugging material and chemical plugging material.Meanwhile,according to the action form of plugging zone,the physical plugging materials are further classified into 5 types:mechanical support,bridging plug,deformation filling,foam accumulation and film plug;and according to the type of chemical reaction,the chemical plugging materials are further classified into cross-linked plugging material,gelled plugging material and precipitation plugging material.This classification method solves the crossover problem of materials to a certain extent,which is favorable for establishing a unified evaluation method and standard for different action mechanisms of plugging materials used in stabilizing borehole wall,and thus promoting the development of plugging science.