经阴道超声和 MRI 对剖宫产术后早期子宫瘢痕妊娠的诊断价值比较

目的：探讨经阴道超声和 MRI 在诊断剖宫产术后早期子宫瘢痕妊娠(CSP)中的价值。方法分析28例拟诊为 CSP 患者的经阴道超声和 MRI 资料,以手术和术后病理为金标准,比较两者诊断 CSP 的敏感度、特异度、准确率、显示孕囊及与周围组织关系的差别。结果28例拟诊 CSP 患者经手术和病理证实为 CSP 22例,经阴道超声和 MRI 分别正确诊断20例和19例,两者诊断敏感度、特异度、诊断准确率分别为90.9%,50.0%,82.1%和86.4%,83.3%,85.7%,2种方法诊断准确率无统计学差异(χ2=0.132, P =0.72)。22例 CSP 中病理见孕囊20例,经阴道超声和 MRI 分别证实19例和17例,无统计学差异(χ2=1.11,P =0.29)；手术和病理证实卵黄囊14例,胚芽9例,原始心管搏动7例,孕囊局部瘢痕浸润10例,经阴道超声和 MRI 分别诊断12例和2例,8例和2例,5例和0例,3例和9例,均有显著统计学差异(χ2=13.8,P=0.000；χ2=7.7,P =0.006；χ2=7.2,P =0.007；χ2=7.1,P =0.008)；手术和病理证实孕囊内出血16例,宫腔积血17例,经阴道超声和 MRI 分别诊断7例和14例,9例和15例,均有统计学差异(χ2=6.6, P =0.01；χ2=5.0,P =0.026)。结论经阴道超声和 MRI 诊断 CSP 的准确率均较高。经阴道超声显示卵黄囊、胚芽和原始心管搏动优于 MRI；MRI 显示妊娠囊内出血、宫腔积血、孕囊与切口及周围组织关系优于经阴道超声,二者联合对诊治 CSP 有重要价值。

Comparison of transvaginal ultrasound and MRI in diagnosis of the first-trimester cesarean scar pregnancy

Objective To compare the value of transvaginal ultrasound and MRI in diagnosis of the first-trimester cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).Methods The transvaginal ultrasound and MRI data of 28 patients who were initially diagnosed as CSP were analyzed. Regarding the surgery and postoperative pathology as a gold standard,the differences between transvaginal ultrasound and MRI were compared in the sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic coincidence rate and the ability in showing the internal structure of gestational sac and its relationship with the surrounding tissue.Results 22 CSP patients were confirmed by surgical pathology in a total of 28 patients,while 20 CSP patients using transvaginal ultrasound and 1 9 using MRI were correctly diagnosed respectively,and the sensitivity,specificity and diagnostic coincidence rate were 90.9%,50.0%,82.1% vs 86.4%,83.3%,85.7%,respectively,exhibiting no statistical difference in the coincidence rates between two methods (χ2 =0.132,P=0.72 ).The pregnant bursa in 20 patients was found by pathology in 22 CSP patients,and 19 pregnant bursa with transvaginal ultrasound and 17 with MRI were confirmed respectively,exhibiting no statistical difference between two methods (χ2 =1.11,P =0.29).The yolk sac in 12 patients,embryos in 8,original heart tube in 5 and local scar pregnancy sac infiltration in 3 were found with transvaginal ultrasound,meanwhile those in 2,2,0 and 9 respectively were also found with MRI,exhibiting significant differences between the two methods (χ2 =13.8,P =0.000;χ2 =7.7,P =0.006;χ2 =7.2,P =0.007;χ2 =7.1,P=0.008).The pregnancy capsule hemorrhage in 7 patients and hemorrhage in uterine cavity in 9 were found with transvaginal ultrasound, meanwhile those in 14 and 1 5 were found with MRI,exhibiting significant differences (χ2 =6.6,P =0.01;χ2 =5.0,P =0.026). Conclusion The coincidence rate in diagnosis of CSP using transvaginal ultrasound or MRI is higher.Transvaginal ultrasound is superior to MRI in showing the yolk sac,embryos and original heart tube,while MRI is better than transvaginal ultrasound in showing the hemorrhage of uterine cavity or gestational sac and the relationship between pregnant bursa and the surrounding tissue.Combination of the two methods shows more value in early diagnosis of CSP.