18世纪英国个人消费分析

在生产、流通、分配、消费诸环节中,消费对社会发展至少起着同等重要的作用。消费以一种积极的方式促进了社会的发展。将18世纪英国个人消费分成生存消费、奢侈消费、炫耀消费和合作消费4种类型来进行考察,可以看到:国民整体受惠的生存消费水平提高了,几乎所有人获益的奢侈消费增加了,部分阶层的炫耀消费大量存在,人与人之间分享财富的合作消费越来越深入人心。18世纪英国最重要的消费特征是普遍的奢侈化,它为社会转型准备了条件。

Analysis on the Personal Consumption Patterns in the 18th Century England

In the chain connections of production, circulation, distribution, consumption, consumption plays an tantamount role as the other three elements in the social development. It promotes the development of society in an active way. This article examines four consumption patterns in the 18th Century England: survival consumption, luxurious consumption, pretentious consumption and cooperative consumption. The survival consumption that benefited the general public rose; the luxurious consumption that did almost everyone's favour increased; the pretentious consumption among some of the social classes existed substantially; the cooperative consumption that shared wealth among people prevailed. The striking consumption feature of the 18th Century England was the general luxury, which provided preparations for the social transformation.