明胶-磷灰石-米诺环素仿生纳米复合材料修复兔胫骨缺损

背景：仿生纳米复合材料具有与自体骨相似的组成和结构，有较好的应用前景。 目的：观察新型明胶-磷灰石-米诺环素仿生纳米复合材料修复兔胫骨缺损的效果。 方法：取20只健康成年新西兰大白兔，制作胫骨上端15 mm×8 mm的腔隙性临界性骨缺损。随机数字表法分为实验组(n=16)和空白对照组(n=4)。实验组植入课题组研制的明胶-磷灰石-米诺环素仿生纳米复合骨修复材料新型复合材料，空白对照组不植入任何材料。分别于术后2，4，8，12周行大体观察、X射线平片及组织学观察新型骨修复材料的骨修复效果。 结果与结论：大体观察显示实验组植入8周后缺损已经融合，12周时塑形接近正常。X射线平片显示随着时间延长，实验组骨缺损骨痂增多，12周基本愈合，塑形完成，空白对照组未见骨性修复，形成骨不连。组织学观察实验组术后4周材料开始吸收，8周后降解被新生骨取代，12周完全修复，空白对照组各时间点均由纤维组织充填。提示新型明胶-磷灰石-米诺环素仿生纳米复合材料能有效促进临界性骨缺损的修复。 关键词：明胶；羟基磷灰石；米诺环素；生物相容性；兔；组织工程 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.25.002

Rabbit tibial defects repaired by nano-gelatin-apatite-minocycline bionic composite

BACKGROUND: The bionic nano-composite materials have the similar structure and microenvironment to the autologous bone. Thus they are promising to be applied in the clinic. OBJECTIVE: To observe the feasibility of repairing rabbit tibial defects by the new bionic composite of nano-gelatin-apitate-minocycline METHODS: Twenty healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were used in this study to establish a 15mm×8mm critical size defect on rabbit tibial bones. All rabbits were randomly divided into experimental (n=16) and blank control groups (n=4). New materials were implanted into the segmental bone defects in the experimental group, but no implant was given to the blank control group. X ray and histological examinations were performed to compare the union of fracture at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: General observations showed that the fractured bone healed at 8 weeks postoperatively in the experimental group, and the moulding was close to normal at 12 weeks. X ray showed that bony callus gradually increased over time was went by in the experimental group, the fractures almost healed and the moulding was finished at 12 weeks postoperatively. No bone defects were repaired and nonunion occurred in the blank control group at 12 weeks postoperatively. Histological examination indicated that the materials began to be absorbed at 4 weeks postoperatively, reconstractured by new bone at 8 weeks postoperatively, and completely repaired at 12 weeks postoperatively in the experimental group. There was no new bone formed in the control group, and the bone defects were filled with the fibrous tissues. The new bionic composite of nano-gelatin-apitate-minocycline can repair critical size defect effectively.