基于形态学及线粒体COI基因序列的河南省新纪录种兴凯鱊近似种的鉴定

2017年河南省鱼类资源调查队在平顶山市叶县境内沙河段进行鱼类资源调查过程中,采获3尾鱊属Acheilognathus鱼类,经形态特征鉴定其为兴凯鱊近似种(Acheilognathus aff. chankaensis),并通过分析线粒体COI基因来验证形态学的鉴定结果,以弥补传统形态学分析方法中可能由于形态差异较小、形态特征主观判断较强等原因导致的分类鉴定结果差距较大的问题,从而实现对兴凯鱊近似种的有效识别,后查阅文献该种为河南省新记录种,其主要鉴别形态特征为:口端位,口角有短凸状须或无须,口角与眼下缘水平线接近,第二不分枝鳍条较长,体侧纵带向前延伸超背鳍起点.通过与鱊属其他鱼类分析比较,基于MEGA 6软件中的常用KP2模型建立NJ系统发育树,结果显示,采集到的样本单独聚为一支构成一个单系类群且具有较高的支持率.标本保存于河南师范大学水产学院鱼类标本室,就相关内容进行详细报道.

Identification new fish record Henan province of Acheilognathus aff. Chankaensis based on morphology and mitochondrial COI gene sequence

During the fish resource investigation of Henan province in 2017, we captured three fish(Acheilognathus) in the Shahe River of Yexian County section, Pingdingshan City, which were identified by morphological characteristics as Acheilognathus aff. Chankaensis. Meanwhile, we analyzed the mitochondrial COI gene to confirm the morphological identification results to compensate for the difficulty of classification in traditional morphological analysis methods due to small morphological differences and subjective judgment for morphological characters, thus achieving efficient recognition of Acheilognathus aff. chankaensis. After widely reviewing the literature we conformed that Acheilognathus aff. chankaensis is a new recorded species in Henan province. And its main identification morphological features are as follows. The direction of the mouth points straight ahead. Short convex whiskers or no whiskers at the corners of the mouth and the corners of the mouth are close to the lower edge of the eyes. The second unbranched dorsal fin is longer than other unbranched dorsal fin. The longitudinal band on the side of the body extends forward past the base of the dorsal fin. Based on the analysis of other fishes in Acheilognathus, the NJ phylogenetic tree was established based on the K2 P model with MEGA 6 software. The results showed that the collected samples were clustered into one monophyletic group with high support value. The specimens of Acheilognathus aff. chankaensis are now kept in the fish specimens laboratory of the fisheries college of Henan normal university. This paper will report the relevant content.