养鸡项目对环境空气的影响分析研究

养殖场恶臭来自肉鸡粪便、污水、垫料、饲料等腐败分解,肉鸡的新鲜粪便、消化道排出的气体,皮脂腺和汗腺的分泌物,粘附在体表的污物等,呼出气中的CO2等也会散发出鸡特有的难闻气味。但养鸡场恶臭主要来源是鸡粪便排出体外之后的腐败分解。影响鸡场恶臭产生的主要因素是清粪方式、管理水平、粪便和污水的无害化处理程度。同时,也与场址规划和布局、畜舍设计、畜舍通风等有关。鸡舍内的有害气体主要来自鸡群的呼吸、排泄、饲料等有机成分分解。有害气体主要有氨气、硫化氢、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、甲烷、臭粪素等。其中对环境危害最大的恶臭物质是NH3和H2S。分析养鸡项目对环境空气的影响及所采取的污染防治措施。

Analysis on Atmospheric Pollution of Broiler Farm

The smell of broiler farm mainly coms from the decomposition of manure, sewage, litter, feed, fresh broiler ma- nure, gas, gastrointestinal secretions of the sebaceous glands and sweat glands discharge, dirt, exhaled of CO2 , etc. But the main source of the stench comes from decomposed chicken farm manure. The main factors affecting farm manure odor produced is cleaning method, the management level, the safe disposal degree of manure and sewage. It is also affected by the planning and layout of the site, housing design, housing ventilation and so on. Respiration and decomposition of excretion, feed and other or- ganic ingredients are the main source of harmful gases inside the chicken coop. Harmful gases are mainly ammonia, hydrogen sul- fide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, smelly manure and other elements. The most harmful gases to the environment are NH3 and H2S.