57例青少年上气道的三维形态研究

目的：测量青少年上气道的形态指标变化情况及男女性别之间的差别，为唇腭裂患者腭咽闭合手术和术后评估提供参考依据。方法：选择57例青少年患者，按年龄分组，第1组10～13岁、第2组14～18岁。利用Mimics软件对上气道结构进行三维重建，测量鼻咽、腭咽、舌咽体积和长度以及上气道截面积。结果：第1组中女性的鼻咽体积、腭咽体积、舌咽体积、横截面积以及男性的腭咽体积、舌咽体积、腭咽长度、横截面积与年龄有明显相关性，女性鼻咽体积大于男性。第2组中各测量值与年龄均未发现明显相关性，男性腭咽长度大于女性。结论：在青春发育期的早期阶段，上气道随着年龄增大的变化较明显，而在青春发育的晚期上气道随着年龄的变化不明显；青春期早期女性鼻咽比男性大、青春晚期的男性的腭咽比女性长。

Analysis of three dimentional morphology of adolescents upper airway S7 cases study.

Objective：to reveal morphologic changes of the upper airway by measuring airway dimensions of adolescents, to further provide references and guidance for the operation of velopharyngeal closure and post-operation evaluation. Method： 57 adolescents are selected and divided into 2 groups according to their age,with group 1 of 10~13 years old and group 2 of 14-18 years old. Mimics package was used to perform3-dimensional reconstruction and measure length and volume of na- sopharynx,palatopharynx,and glossopharynx as well as cross-sectional area of upper airway. Result：In group 1,female＇s na- sopharyngeal volume,palatopharyngeal volume,glossopharyngeal volume,cross-sectional area and male＇s palatopharyngeal vol- ume,glossopharyngeal volume,palatopharyngeal length,cross-sectional area were significantly correlated with age,and nasopha- ryngeal volume was significantly larger in female than in male（P 〈0.05）. In group 2,no significant correlations were found be- tween age and any parameters, and palatopharyngeal length is longer in male than in female（P 〈0.05）. Conclusion：For junior adolescents, the upper airway enlarged significantly along with age while this phenomenon was not significantly indicated in senior adolescents. During early hebetic period, nasopharyngeal volume appears to be larger in female than in male,and dur- ing late hebetic period,palatopharyngeal length was indicated longer in male than in female.