中国美丽休闲乡村的空间分布特征及影响因素

运用平均最近邻、核密度法分析美丽休闲乡村空间布局，并结合熵值赋权法、地理探测器和邻域分析等方法探索其影响因素。结果表明：① 从全国尺度看，美丽休闲乡村空间分布不均，整体呈集聚分布并形成 “两极多核”的空间特征。② 从省域尺度看，东部沿海省市美丽休闲乡村密度较高，偏西部高纬高海拔地区密度较小；除青海、西藏外，各省（区、市）美丽休闲乡村集散差异较小，集聚程度较低且趋于均衡分布；京津2市美丽休闲乡村空间发育最好。③ 美丽休闲乡村受人文因素中乡村基础状况、旅游投资水平、旅游市场规模、民族文化资源作用力较强；其自然分布趋于海拔低于200 m、三级河流附近、环境质量优良且距城市或景区较近的年积温高于3 400℃或降水量高于400 mm的暖湿气候区。

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of China's Beautiful Leisure Villages

In this article, the average nearest neighbor and kernel density method are used to analyze the spatial layout of beautiful leisure villages. Besides, the entropy weighting method, geographic detector, and neighborhood analysis are employed to explore its influencing factors. The results show that: 1) On the national scale, the beautiful leisure villages are unevenly distributed in space, and the overall distribution is concentrated, forming the spatial characteristics of ‘two poles and multi-core’. 2) On the provincial scale, the density of beautiful leisure villages in the eastern coastal provinces is relatively high while the density in the high-latitude and high-altitude provinces of the western part is relatively low. With the exception of Qinghai and Tibet, the distribution of beautiful and leisure villages in various provinces presents small differences; the degree of agglomeration is low and tends to be evenly distributed. The beautiful leisure villages in Beijing and Tianjin have the best development in space. 3) Beautiful leisure villages are significantly influenced by human factors, such as rural basic conditions, tourism investment level, tourism market scale and national cultural resources. Its natural distribution tends to be in the warm and humid climate areas with the altitude lower than 200 m, near third-level rivers, excellent environmental quality, and close to cities or scenic spots with annual accumulated temperature higher than 3 400℃ or precipitation higher than 400 mm.