几种耐热戴氏霉对秸秆的降解效果

【目的】测定6株戴氏霉(Taifanglania)的生长温度特性及其对秸秆的降解效果。【方法】通过定时测定不同培养温度下的菌落直径绘制6株戴氏霉菌株的生长曲线；采用苯胺蓝法、愈创木酚法和木质素磺酸钙降解试验测定其木质素降解能力；用羧甲基纤维素钠水解圈测定法和胞外酶活测定法判定其对纤维素的降解能力；以失重法和范氏洗涤剂法检测其对水稻秸秆的降解效果。【结果】所试的耐热戴氏霉菌株均能耐受50 °C的高温，并能产生纤维素酶，但不同菌株产生的木质素降解酶有所差异；均具有降解秸秆的能力，其中合川戴氏霉(T. hechuanensis) H08.1菌株降解能力最强，其次是灰戴氏霉(T. cinerea) H57.1菌株，其秸秆降解率分别为50.2%和42.2%。【结论】合川戴氏霉H08.1菌株和灰戴氏霉H57.1菌株在秸秆的降解利用上具有潜在开发价值。

Effect of several thermotolerant Taifanglania species on straw degradation

[Objective] The objectives were to characterize growth temperature of six Taifanglania strains and to determine the effect on straw degradation. [Methods] Temperature-growth of six Taifanglania strains was monitored by colony diameters at different temperatures. The aniline blue method and guaiacol method combined with degradation of calcium lignosulfonate were used to test their lignin-degrading capability. Hydrolysis spot diameter measurement method of CMC-Na and extracellular enzyme activity were employed to conjecture cellulose-degrading capability of strains. Then the effect on straw degradation was obtained through weight loss method and Van-Soest detergent. [Results] The tested thermotolerant fungi, Taifanglania spp. could grow at high temperature of 50 °C and produce cellulase. However, the lignin-degrading enzymes produced by different Taifanglania strains had some diversities. They were straw-degrading fungi, and T. hechuanensis H08.1 had higher capability than others, followed by T. cinerea H57.1, with straw degradation rates of 50.2% and 42.2%, respectively. [Conclusion] T. hechuanensis H08.1 and T. cinerea H57.1 exhibited tremendous potential for straw degradation.