低温雨雪冰冻灾害期乐山巨桉工业原料林的灾损特征

2008年初的南方低温雨雪冰冻灾害使巨桉(Eucalyptus grandis)工业原料林受损严重。为合理有效地开展灾后林地生产恢复与重建,采用野外调查的方法研究了四川省规模最大的巨桉工业原料林——乐山市市中区巨桉工业原料林的受损特征,并针对性地提出了受损巨桉工业原料林的生产恢复建议。研究区域巨桉工业原料林受灾面积达1892.25 hm2,占该区巨桉工业原料林的15.88%以上,约为受害人工林的26.50%。其中,80%的1~2年生巨桉工业原料林受到较大程度的损害,占受损巨桉工业原料林的90%,灾损症状主要为枯梢、弯斜、倒地、翻桩等。另外,苗圃中99%的巨桉幼苗被冻死。因此,针对性进行林地清理、重植、树种调整与合理配置、加强幼林管理等是灾损巨桉工业原料林生产恢复的关键技术。

Damaged Features of Eucalyptus grandis Industrial Material Plantation in Leshan by the Disaster of Snowstorm and Freezing Rain

Eucalyptus grandis industrial material plantation was seriously damaged by the disaster of snow storm and freezing rain in southern China in early 2008.In order to restore and rebuild the damaged plantation efficiently,damaged features of Eucalyptus plantation were studied by field investigation in the downtown of Leshan,which is the biggest scope of Eucalyptus plantation in Sichuan.Furthermore,suggestions for restoring damaged plantations were put forward based on the investigation.Damaged area was 1892.25 hm2 in the research region,which accounted for 15.88% in the standing plantation and 26.5% in the damaged plantations,respectively.80% of 1～2 years old plantations were damaged to a different degree,which accounted for 90% of the damaged plantations.In addition,99% Eucalyptus seedlings in their nursery died of freeze.Damaged plantations appeared withered,bent,lodged,overturned,etc..Therefore,the key technologies to restore damaged plantations should include forest cleaning,re-planting,modification and reasonable allocation of tree species,younger plantation management,and so on.