模拟镅、锔溶液的微波转型研究

利用性质相似的稀土元素Nd模拟镅、锔，以高浓度硝酸和其他稀土元素组成的混合性溶液为模拟原料，通过比较微波减压蒸馏和油浴减压蒸馏两种加热方式，获得了模拟镅、锔的模拟料液转型的工艺参数。将溶液高温浓缩后得到的固体再进行煅烧，从而使模拟镅、锔的模拟料液转型为氧化物。通过ICP-AES、XRD、BET等分析测试方法，研究所得氧化物的物质特性。实验结果表明：微波减压蒸馏转型后所得氧化物的各种性能均优于油浴减压蒸馏转型后所得氧化物。相对于油浴减压蒸馏的方法，微波减压蒸馏方法减少了浓缩时间，且在馏出液中稀土含量很少，大部分的硝酸可循环使用。

Study on Simulation Solution of Am-Cm by Microwave Method

The technological parameters of simulation solution of Am-Cm transforming into oxides were gained by reduced pressure distillation heated with microwave or oil bath. The simulation solution is made up of Nd, whose properties are similar as Am and Cm, high-concentration HNO₃ and rare earth. Calcination of solid was gained by the high temperature concentrated solution in order to get the oxides. The properties of the oxides were investigated by ICP-AES, X-ray diffraction and surface analysis. The results show that the oxide properties gained by reduced pressure distillation and microwave heating method are better than that of oil bath. The concentrating time is decreased, the contents of rare earth elements are very small, and lots of HNO₃ can be recycled.