不同茎长移栽及施肥方式对烤烟前期生长发育的影响

目的]为实现烟株早生快发提供可行的技术参考。方法]采用盆栽试验,研究高茎壮苗、常规苗移栽以及基肥底施、环施对烤烟前期生长发育的影响。结果]高茎壮苗深栽平均萌发不定根的长度为16.1cm,与常规苗移栽的差异达极显著水平。高茎壮苗深栽+基肥底施萌发的不定根数量最多,达147根/株。相同茎长移栽的烟株鲜重均为基肥底施高于基肥环施。基肥底施比环施更有利于烤烟茎萌发不定根,并且基肥环施对烤烟茎萌发不定根的不利影响随着茎长的增加而增大。结论]高茎壮苗深栽+基肥底施促使烟株提前形成了较多根系,提前吸收养分和水分,地下部分和地上部分生长迅速,利于实现早生快发。

Effects of Transplanting Tobacco Plant with Different Stem Length and Fertilization Mode on the Growth and Development of Fluecured Tobacco in Early Stage

Objective] The aim of the research was to provide feasible technical references for realizing the early growth and quick tiller of tobacco plants. Method] In pot culture test,the effects of strong seedling with high stem, conventional seedling transplanting, bottom application and circulating application of base fertilizer on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco in early stage were studied. Result] The deep-cultivated strong seedling with high stem germinated adventitious roots with the average length of 16.1 cm and its difference with conventional seedling transplanting reached extremely significant level. The amount of adventitious roots generated by the deep-cultivated strong seedling with high stem and bottom application of base fertilizer was most, reaching 147 roots per plant. The fresh weight of tobacco plants with the same stem length transplanting and bottom application of base fertilizer were all higher than that with circulating application with of base fertilizer. Bottom application of base fertilizer was more favorable for the germination of adventitious roots in the stem of flue-cured tobacco and the unfavorable influences of circulating application of base fertilizer on the germination of adventitious roots in the stem of flue-cured tobacco were increased with the increment of stem length. Conclusion] Deep-cultivated strong seedlings with high stem and bottom application of base fertilizer promoted the formation of more root system in tobacco plants in advance, the absorption of nutrients and water in advance and the rapid growth of the overground parts and the underground parts, which was favorable for realizing early growth and quick tillering.