早、中期显微手术治疗破裂的颅内动脉瘤

目的 探讨早、中期显微手术治疗颅内动脉瘤破裂的方法,讨论术中、术后出现的并发症及治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析36例颅内动脉瘤患者临床资料,入院前均经头颅CT检查证实有蛛网膜下腔出血存在,35例患者经全脑血管造影检查证实为颅内动脉瘤,1例经手术探查证实右侧A2段动脉瘤.36例患者均在早、中期进行显微手术治疗.早期蛛网膜下腔出血后3 d内手术22例,中期蛛网膜下腔出血后4～10 d内手术14例.结果 格拉斯哥预后评分Ⅰ级21例,Ⅱ级4例,Ⅲ级4例,Ⅳ级4例.术后均复查头颅CT,无术后颅内血肿,不同部位脑梗死5例.死亡3例,1例为后交通动脉动脉瘤夹闭后发生枕叶梗死,发生脑疝,家属放弃治疗;1例为Hunt-Hess Ⅴ级的前交通动脉瘤患者,术后脑疝症状未解除:1例为前交通动脉瘤栓塞术后2年再发出血,手术夹闭后1周突发枕骨大孔疝.术后26例患者行全脑血管造影复查,1例患者提示前交通动脉瘤完全未被夹闭,1例后交通动脉瘤有残颈,1例后交通动脉瘤患者示后交通动脉未显影.结论 早、中期显微手术是治疗颅内动脉瘤的有效方法.术后脑缺血是颅内动脉瘤手术的严重并发症,特别是颈内动脉后交通段动脉瘤,术中对后交通动脉的保护十分重要.对载瘤动脉及动脉瘤体内血栓形成或粥样硬化患者的手术治疗还需进一步研究.

Microsurgical treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms in the early and intermediate stage

Objective To explore the microsurgical method in treating ruptured aneurysms treatment and evaluating the treatment of the complication during or after the operation.Methods 36 cases of patients with intracranial aneurysm were analyzed retrospectively.All of the patients were subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by CT scan on admission.The intracranial aneurysms were confirmed in 35 cases by DSA examination and A2 aneurysm was confirmed by explorative operation in 1 case.The microsurgical treatment was performed in 36 cases at the early or intermediate stage,22 cases were treated in the early stage,the other 14 cases were treated in the intermediate stage (early stage means within 3 days post SAH;intermediate stage means from 4 days to 10 days post SAH).Results After the operation,21 cases were GOS grade Ⅰ,4 cases were COS grade Ⅱ,4 cases were COS grade Ⅲ,4 cases were GOS grade Ⅳ.Of all the patients,CT scan was done after the operation,finding no intracranial bemorrhage,and cerebral infarction was disclosed in 5 cases.3 cases were dead,one suffered occipital lobe infaret after the PCoA aneurysm clipped,brain hernia occurred at last,one's Hunt Hess grade was Ⅴ,ACoA aneurysm was disclosed by DSA examination,severe brain edema occurred after the operation,the other suffered tonsillar hernia one week after the aneurysm clipping,which ruptured after endovascular treatment of ACoA aneurysm 2 years later.DSA examinations were done in 26 cases after operation,declaring 1 ACoA aneurysm was unclipped,1 PCoA aneurysm was incompletely clipped,and 1 PCoA was sacrificed.Conclusions It is a valuable method to clip the ruptured intracranial aneurysms in early and intermediate stage.The cerebral ischemia is the severe complication after clipping.Especially for the PCoA aneurysms,it is very important to protect the PCoA.Further research should be done for the treatment in the case with mother artery arteriosclerosis and thrombosis within the aneurysms.