南疆部分散养户牛场梨形虫及其媒介蜱感染情况的调查

【目的】近几年来在南疆散养户的牛场常发生梨形虫病,此病是蜱虫传播的一种地方性血液原虫病,死亡率较高。查清部分散养户牛场的梨形虫感染及其媒介蜱的流行情况,更好地预防、控制梨形虫病,减少此病对基层散养奶牛户造成的损失。【方法】现场采集病料(蜱虫和采血),带回校实验室,借助显微镜和有关梨形虫病的资料,对所采集的传播蜱及病原进行虫种鉴定和分析。【结果】综合判断为牛环形泰勒虫病和牛巴贝斯虫病,其主要传播蜱是残缘璃眼蜱(Hyalomma detritum)、小亚璃眼蜱(Hyalomma asiaticum)和微小牛蜱(Boophilus microplus)。血样检查结果为在所采样的50头牛当中,血液原虫的感染率为84%,其中牛的环形泰勒虫感染率为71.4%,双芽巴贝斯虫感染率约为40.5%,牛的巴贝斯虫感染率约为29%。【结论】基本查清了梨形虫病在部分散养户牛场发生、流行情况和当地媒介蜱虫的优势分布种类,发现在南疆部分散养户牛场存在几种梨形虫的交叉感染情况。研究为制定综合防治提供了科学依据。

Investigation of Vector Ticks and Piroplasmosis Infection in Scattered Feeding Cattle Farm in Southern Xinjiang

【Objective】Piroplasmosis often occurred in the scattered feeding catde farm in Southern Xinjiang.This disease is a tick-borne endemic blood protozoal disease with high mortality rate.This research aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of piroplasmosis and vector tick in some cattle farms,better prevent and control piroplasmosis and reduce the loss that was caused by this disease to the raisers.【Method】The author collected materials with local veterinarians and owners,took them back to the school laboratory, identified and analyzed the vector ticks and pathogen by microscope and the data about piroplasmosis.【Result】Bovine tropical theileriosis and bovine babesiosis were judged by comprehensive judgment,and the main vector ticks were Hyalomma detritum,Hyalomma asiaticum and Boophilus microplus.The infection rate of blood protozoa was 84%;bovine theileria annulata,71.4%;Babesia bigemina,40.5%;babesia bovis, 29%.【Conclusion】Through this survey,we detailed the occurrence and epidemic status of piroplasmosis in some cattle farms and the predominant distributive species of the local vector ticks,and found that there were several piroplasmosis cross-infection.The result provides some scientific basis for the prevention of piroplasmosis.