通用O型全血的初步研究

目的探讨冰冻干燥红细胞膜的制备技术及通用O型去除血型抗体全血的可行性。方法将A型及B型红细胞膜经过冰冻干燥处理后，加入O型全血中，经反应后测定血浆中血型抗体效价，并检测红细胞结构及功能，检测血浆中凝血因子活性变化。结果经过冰冻干燥处理后，红细胞膜仍具有抗原性，可有效降低血浆中的血型抗体效价，而全血中红细胞的变形指数、ATP含量与反应前差异无显著性，反应前后均在正常参考范围内；全血血浆中各种凝血因子活性在吸附前后比较，差异无显著性。结论尽管红细胞膜在体内是否产生大量抗体及其清除过程等尚需进行动物实验确定，但使用冰冻干燥红细胞膜制备通用型血液过程简便易行，具有进一步的研究价值。

Preliminary Research on Universal Group O Whole Blood

Objective To study into the procedure for preparation of freeze-drying red blood cells membrane and the possibility of preparation of universal donor blood by removing anti-A/ anti-B in group O whole blood. Methods After freeze-drying, red blood cells membrane of group A and B were used to remove the anti-A and anti-B in group O whole blood, then the ABO blood group antibody titer were detected, and subsequently its effect on RBCs was observed. Results After freeze-drying, the antigenicity of red blood cell membrane still existed, the ABO blood group antibodies in the plasma of group O whole blood decreased significantly. The deformability, the contents of ATP of the RBC in group O whole blood were within a normal range,and showed no significant difference from those of normal red blood cells before reaction. Conclusion Although there were some problems such as the procedures of producing the antibodies by the RBC membrane and the removal of RBC membrane in vivo,the method to prepare the universal red blood cells by using freeze-drying membrane of group A and B RBC has the value of further research.