配电线路弧光高阻故障检测技术综述

无论是中性点有效接地或非有效接地配网,配电线路发生弧光高阻接地故障时,故障电气量均相对微弱,传统的故障检测方法往往失效。因此,该文针对不同中性点接地方式,统一建模配电线路弧光高阻接地故障模型,并等效分析在故障点虚拟电源激励下产生的零状态响应特征。基于此,分别从稳态频域分析、暂态时域分析、行波分析、人工智能等多角度对两种中性点接地方式下配电线路弧光高阻接地故障检测方法进行技术梳理和总结,并从谐波波动、选线启动判据、波头识别、弧光畸变等几个方面提出后续的研究思路。

Overview of Arc High Impedance Grounding Fault Detection Technologies in Distribution System

The fault electrical quantity is relatively weak with the arc high impedance grounding fault in feeders no matter in the neutral effective or non-effective grounding distribution systems,the traditional fault detection methods often fail.To solve this problem,the unified model of arc high impedance grounding fault in feeder was established according to different neutral grounding modes,and the zero-state response characteristics generated under the excitation of virtual power supply at fault point were analyzed.Based on the above analysis,the detection methods of arc high impedance grounding fault in feeders under two neutral grounding modes were reviewed and summarized from the perspectives of steady-state frequency domain analysis,transient-state time domain analysis,traveling wave analysis,artificial intelligence,etc.In addition,the following research ideas are put forward from such aspects as harmonic wave fluctuation,line selection starting criterion,wave head recognition and arc waveform distortion.