一种低轨卫星通信天线多工作模式波束实现技术

在分析低轨卫星通信系统中不同链路所需波束类型的基础上,将所需波束类型归纳为宽波束和可切换点波束两大类,进而提出了用一副相控阵天线来实现这两种波束的方式。以16×16单元顺次旋转切角阵为研究对象,采用最小二乘优化方法综合阵列方向图,得到对地等通量覆盖的宽波束;合理设计波束分布,采用相控阵常规的波束切换功能,得到点波束覆盖图。仿真结果表明,宽波束和可切换点波束均能实现对星下±55°范围的覆盖。相比常规的多天线方式,这种多工作模式波束实现技术大大降低了卫星系统的复杂度,降低了设计、集成、测试和维护卫星天线系统的时间和成本,降低了卫星平台天线布局的难度,因此具有重要意义。

A multi-mode beam realization technology for antenna in LEO satellite communications

According to the analysis of the beam types required by different links in low Earth orbit(LEO) satellite communication systems,the beam types are classified into two categories:the wide beam and the steerable spot-beam.An innovative method is proposed that only one phased array is used to realize both the two types of beam.By taking a 16×16 sequentially rotated array as the research object,the least square optimization method is adopted to synthesize the array pattern and the wide beam covering the Earth with equal flux is obtained.The beam distribution is designed reasonably and the conventional beam switching function is adopted to obtain the spot beam coverage diagram.The simulation results show that both the wide beam and the steerable spot-beam can achieve coverage of ±55° below the satellite.Compared with the conventional multi-antenna method,the proposed multi-mode beam realization technology reduces the complexity of the satellite system greatly,as well as the time and cost of designing,integrating,and maintaining,and also the antenna layout difficulty.Therefore,the proposed method is of great significance.