超高水材料跳采充填采煤法地表沉陷规律

为了研究超高水材料跳采充填采煤法地表变形规律及地表沉陷控制效果，以某矿区地表沉降观测数据为基础，研究了充填开采各阶段的地表变形规律；采用关键层理论，并结合FLAC 3D数值模拟实验，研究了跳采过程中的关键层破断及地表沉降之间的时空关系，分析了影响地表沉陷的主要因素，评价了地表沉陷控制效果。研究表明，采用该方法在平均埋深340 m，采厚为4 m的近水平煤层开采时，地表最大下沉值为1 174 mm，下沉系数为0.29，减沉率约为62.8%，采出率为89.2%，且下沉盆地范围明显减小。分析可知，充填可大大减小地表下沉量，跳采可控制下沉盆地的形态，有效的保护了地表重要的建（构）筑物。

Surface subsidence law of filling with super-high-water material and skip mining

In order to research the surface deformation law and the subsidence controlling effect of filling with super-high-water material and skip mining，based on the observation data of a coal mine，the surface deformation law of every filling and skip mining step was studied.Used the key strata theory and numerical simulation with FLAC 3D software，the relationship between key strata breaking and surface sinking in time and space was studied，the main factors of surface subsidence were analyzed，and the effect of surface subsidence controlling was evaluated.The results show that in the mining condition of 340 m depth and 4 m thickness，the maximum subsidence is 1 174 mm，the subsidence coefficient is 0.29，the subsidence reducing ratio is 62.8%，the extraction ratio is 89.2%，and the scope of subsidence basin is reduced obviously.The analysis results show that surface subsidence could be reduced by filling，and the shape of subsidence basin could be controlled by skip mining，in order to protect important buildings on the earth.