PCR－SSCP法检测胃癌P53基因突变

应用多聚酶链反应和单链构象多态性分析法（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）检测１９例冰冻胃癌组织Ｐ５３基因第７外显子ＤＮＡ片段扩增及突变情况，同时应用免疫组化法（ＩＨＣ）检测相应胃癌石蜡包埋组织中Ｐ５３蛋白的表达。结果发现４例（２１．１％）胃癌组织Ｐ５３基因第７外显子发生突变。而Ｐ５３蛋白表达率达４７．４％（９／１９）。Ｐ５３基因突变及Ｐ５３蛋白表达与肿瘤发生部位、组织学类型、淋巴结转移及肿瘤分期无关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示在胃癌发生和演变过程中，Ｐ５３基因突变是重要事件，其中第７外显子是突变热区之一。

DETECTION OF P 53 GENE MUTATION BY PCR SSCP

The polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism(PCR SSCP) and immunohistochemical(IHC) staining methods were utilized respectively to detect the mutation in exon 7 of P 53 gene and the expression of P 53 protein.The results showed that abnormal shifting of the single stranded DNA(ssDNA) in the frozen gastric carcinoma tissues was detected in 4 out of 19 cases(21.1%),while the expression of P 53 protein in the paraffin embedded gastric carcinoma tissues was detected in 9 out of 19 cases(47.4%).The mutation of P 53 gene and the expression of P 53 protein were not correlated with the location,histological type,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of the tumor.This study suggests that the mutation of P 53 gene is an important event in the carcinogenesis and development of gastric carcinoma.Moreover,the mutation in exon 7 is one of the hot regions of P 53 gene mutation.